CVE-2025-12301 is a vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the Simple Food Ordering System developed by code-projects. The flaw exists in the /editproduct.php file, specifically in the handling of the 'photo' parameter, which allows unrestricted file uploads. This means an attacker can remotely upload arbitrary files, including potentially malicious scripts, without requiring authentication or user interaction. The vulnerability arises from insufficient validation or sanitization of uploaded files, enabling attackers to bypass restrictions that normally prevent dangerous file types from being uploaded. Exploiting this vulnerability could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code on the server, deface the website, or disrupt service availability. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9, reflecting a medium severity level, with attack vector network, low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, and limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no known exploits have been observed in the wild, the public disclosure of the vulnerability increases the risk of exploitation by threat actors. The affected product is primarily used in food ordering and restaurant management contexts, which may involve sensitive customer data and business-critical operations.

For European organizations, the unrestricted file upload vulnerability poses significant risks including unauthorized access, data breaches, and service disruption. Attackers could upload web shells or malware, leading to full server compromise, data theft, or ransomware deployment. This could result in loss of customer trust, regulatory penalties under GDPR due to data exposure, and operational downtime impacting revenue. Food service providers relying on this system may face reputational damage and financial losses. The vulnerability's remote exploitability without authentication increases the attack surface, making it attractive for opportunistic and targeted attacks. Additionally, the potential for lateral movement within compromised networks could threaten broader organizational infrastructure. Given the critical role of digital ordering systems in the hospitality sector, exploitation could disrupt supply chains and customer service across Europe.

To mitigate CVE-2025-12301, organizations should immediately implement strict server-side validation for file uploads, ensuring only allowed file types (e.g., images with verified MIME types and extensions) are accepted. Employ file content inspection to detect and block executable or script files disguised as images. Configure the web server to disallow execution of uploaded files in the upload directory by disabling script execution permissions. Use web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block malicious upload attempts. Isolate the application environment using containerization or sandboxing to limit impact if exploitation occurs. Monitor logs for suspicious upload activity and conduct regular security audits of the application. If possible, upgrade to a patched version or apply vendor-provided fixes once available. Additionally, implement network segmentation to protect critical backend systems from compromised web servers. Educate development teams on secure coding practices to prevent similar vulnerabilities in future releases.