CVE-2025-12307VulnerabilityPublished 27 Oct 2025

CVE-2025-12307: code-projects Nero Social Networking Site · SQL Injection

Affects code-projects Nero Social Networking SiteSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 6.9 Medium.

Data as of 25 Oct 2026, 19:02 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

6.9Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.4% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 40% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Base metrics

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: Low
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Threat metrics

Exploit Maturity: POC

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: Low: Performance is reduced or there are interruptions in resource availability. Even if repeated exploitation of the vulnerability is possible, the attacker does not have the ability to completely deny service to legitimate users. The resources in the Vulnerable System are either partially available all of the time, or fully available only some of the time, but overall there is no direct, serious consequence to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Exploit Maturity: POC: Based on threat intelligence sources each of the following must apply: · Proof-of-concept is publicly available · No knowledge of reported attempts to exploit this vulnerability · No knowledge of publicly available solutions used to simplify attempts to exploit the vulnerability

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 27 Oct 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-25.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
code-projects Nero Social Networking Site	Affected =1.0	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

To mitigate CVE-2025-12307 effectively, organizations should immediately audit the /addfriend.php endpoint and all related input handling code for proper input validation and sanitization. Implement parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection attacks rather than relying on manual input filtering. If source code access is available, refactor the vulnerable code to use secure database access libraries that enforce query parameterization. In the absence of vendor patches, consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious SQL injection patterns targeting the ID parameter. Conduct thorough penetration testing and code reviews to identify any other injection points. Monitor logs for unusual database query patterns or repeated access attempts to /addfriend.php. Limit database user privileges to the minimum necessary to reduce potential damage from injection attacks. Finally, plan for an upgrade or migration to a newer, patched version of the software once available, and educate developers on secure coding practices to prevent similar vulnerabilities.

Description

A vulnerability was identified in code-projects Nero Social Networking Site 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /addfriend.php. Such manipulation of the argument ID leads to sql injection. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit is publicly available and might be used.

Impact

For European organizations deploying Nero Social Networking Site 1.0, this SQL injection vulnerability poses a moderate risk. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to user data, modification or deletion of records, and potential disruption of social networking services. Given the social networking context, compromised data may include personal user information, friend lists, and communication logs, raising privacy and regulatory concerns under GDPR. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the exploit increases exposure, especially for publicly accessible installations. While the impact is limited to partial confidentiality, integrity, and availability loss, attackers could leverage this foothold for further attacks or data exfiltration. Organizations in sectors with high privacy requirements or public engagement, such as media, education, or community services, may face reputational damage and compliance penalties if exploited. The absence of known active exploitation reduces immediate urgency but does not eliminate the threat, especially with public exploit code available. Therefore, European entities should assess their exposure and prioritize mitigation to avoid potential data breaches and service interruptions.

Summary

CVE-2025-12307 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in the Nero Social Networking Site version 1.0, specifically in the /addfriend.php script. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization of the 'ID' parameter, which an attacker can manipulate to inject malicious SQL code. This injection flaw allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries on the backend database without requiring authentication or any user interaction, increasing the attack surface significantly. The vulnerability is classified as network exploitable with low attack complexity and no privileges required, as indicated by the CVSS 4.0 vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N. The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is limited but non-negligible (VC:L/VI:L/VA:L), meaning attackers can potentially read, modify, or disrupt some data but not fully compromise the system. Although no active exploitation has been reported, the availability of a public exploit increases the risk of future attacks. The lack of patches or vendor-provided fixes at the time of publication necessitates immediate defensive actions. This vulnerability is typical of web applications that fail to properly validate and parameterize user inputs before database queries, a common and critical security oversight. Organizations using Nero Social Networking Site 1.0 should consider this vulnerability a priority for remediation to prevent data breaches or service disruptions.

References

Community reviews

Loading reviews…

Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 27 Oct 2025, 19:23 UTC

Technical details

References

Community reviews

Related threats