CVE-2025-12309VulnerabilityPublished 27 Oct 2025

CVE-2025-12309: code-projects Nero Social Networking Site · SQL Injection

Affects code-projects Nero Social Networking SiteSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 6.9 Medium.

Data as of 25 Oct 2026, 19:02 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

6.9Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.4% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 40% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Base metrics

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: Low
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Threat metrics

Exploit Maturity: POC

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: Low: Performance is reduced or there are interruptions in resource availability. Even if repeated exploitation of the vulnerability is possible, the attacker does not have the ability to completely deny service to legitimate users. The resources in the Vulnerable System are either partially available all of the time, or fully available only some of the time, but overall there is no direct, serious consequence to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Exploit Maturity: POC: Based on threat intelligence sources each of the following must apply: · Proof-of-concept is publicly available · No knowledge of reported attempts to exploit this vulnerability · No knowledge of publicly available solutions used to simplify attempts to exploit the vulnerability

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 27 Oct 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-25.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
GitHubdaojian1/Nero-Social-Networking-Site`pkg:github/daojian1/Nero-Social-Networking-Site`Other threats	Affected =1.0	Fixed in–

Check your own hosts for these packages with threat-finder (opens in a new tab), our free open-source scanner.

AI-suggested

1. Immediate code audit and remediation: Review the /friendprofile.php file and refactor the code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection. 2. Implement strict input validation: Sanitize and validate all user-supplied inputs, especially the 'ID' parameter, to ensure only expected data types and formats are accepted. 3. Deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAF): Use WAFs with SQL injection detection and prevention rules to block malicious payloads targeting this vulnerability. 4. Monitor logs and network traffic: Establish enhanced monitoring to detect unusual database queries or access patterns indicative of exploitation attempts. 5. Restrict database permissions: Limit the database user privileges used by the web application to only necessary operations to minimize potential damage. 6. Isolate vulnerable systems: If possible, segment the affected application servers from critical internal networks to reduce lateral movement risk. 7. Prepare for patching: Engage with the vendor or community to obtain or develop an official patch and plan for timely deployment once available. 8. Educate staff: Inform developers and security teams about secure coding practices to prevent similar vulnerabilities in future releases.

Description

A weakness has been identified in code-projects Nero Social Networking Site 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /friendprofile.php. Executing manipulation of the argument ID can lead to sql injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited.

Impact

For European organizations using Nero Social Networking Site 1.0, this vulnerability poses risks including unauthorized disclosure of user data, manipulation or deletion of friend profiles, and potential disruption of social networking services. The exposure of personal data could lead to privacy violations under GDPR, resulting in regulatory penalties and reputational damage. Attackers exploiting this flaw could gain insights into user relationships and activities, which may be leveraged for targeted phishing or social engineering campaigns. The integrity of the social networking platform could be undermined, affecting user trust and operational continuity. Additionally, if the backend database contains sensitive or business-critical information, the impact extends beyond privacy to operational and strategic risks. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the exploit increases the likelihood of widespread attacks if the platform is widely deployed in Europe. Organizations in sectors with high social media engagement or those hosting user-generated content are particularly vulnerable.

Summary

CVE-2025-12309 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in the Nero Social Networking Site version 1.0, specifically in the /friendprofile.php file. The vulnerability arises from insufficient input validation or sanitization of the 'ID' parameter, which is likely used in SQL queries to retrieve friend profile information. An attacker can remotely manipulate this parameter to inject malicious SQL code, potentially allowing unauthorized access to the database, data exfiltration, data modification, or even denial of service by corrupting database integrity. The vulnerability requires no authentication or user interaction, increasing its risk profile. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9 (medium severity), reflecting the network attack vector, low attack complexity, and no privileges or user interaction required. The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is rated as low to medium, indicating partial compromise rather than full system takeover. Although the exploit is publicly available, no active exploitation has been confirmed, which provides a window for remediation. The lack of an official patch means organizations must rely on code fixes or protective controls. The vulnerability is critical for organizations relying on this social networking platform for user engagement or data storage, as it exposes sensitive user information and backend systems to compromise.

References

Community reviews

Loading reviews…

Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 27 Oct 2025, 19:23 UTC

Technical details

References

Community reviews

Related threats