VulnerabilityPublished 27 Oct 2025Updated 24 Feb 2026

CVE-2025-12312: PHPGurukul Curfew e-Pass Management System · Cross-site Scripting

Affects PHPGurukul Curfew e-Pass Management SystemSource CVE Database V5

Public exploit available · CVSS 4.8 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 12:54 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

4.8Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 17% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Base metrics

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: High
User Interaction: Passive
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: None
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Threat metrics

Exploit Maturity: POC

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: High: The attacker requires privileges that provide significant (e.g., administrative) control over the vulnerable system allowing full access to the vulnerable system’s settings and files.
User Interaction: Passive: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires limited interaction by the targeted user with the vulnerable system and the attacker’s payload. These interactions would be considered involuntary and do not require that the user actively subvert protections built into the vulnerable system.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Exploit Maturity: POC: Based on threat intelligence sources each of the following must apply: · Proof-of-concept is publicly available · No knowledge of reported attempts to exploit this vulnerability · No knowledge of publicly available solutions used to simplify attempts to exploit the vulnerability

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 27 Oct 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: evidence found.
CVSS exploit maturity: proof of concept public
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), CVSS vector, the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
PHPGurukul Curfew e-Pass Management System	Affected =1.0	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should immediately implement strict input validation and output encoding on all user-controllable parameters, especially Fullname and Category fields in the view-pass-detail.php file. Employ context-aware encoding (e.g., HTML entity encoding) to neutralize injected scripts before rendering. Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules to detect and block common XSS payloads targeting these parameters. Conduct a thorough code review of the entire application to identify and remediate similar input handling issues. If possible, update or patch the software once an official fix is released by PHPGurukul. Educate users about the risks of clicking suspicious links and encourage the use of modern browsers with built-in XSS protections. Additionally, implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts. Regularly monitor logs for unusual activities that may indicate attempted exploitation.

Description

A flaw has been found in PHPGurukul Curfew e-Pass Management System 1.0. Impacted is an unknown function of the file view-pass-detail.php. This manipulation of the argument Fullname/Category causes cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used.

Impact

The primary impact of this vulnerability is on the confidentiality and integrity of users interacting with the affected e-pass management system. Attackers can exploit the XSS flaw to steal session cookies, enabling account takeover or impersonation of legitimate users. This can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive personal data or e-pass details. Additionally, attackers could deface the web interface or redirect users to malicious websites, potentially leading to further compromise or phishing attacks. For organizations, this undermines trust in the e-pass system, potentially disrupts operations, and exposes them to regulatory and reputational risks. Since the system is used for curfew pass management, exploitation could also have public safety implications if attackers manipulate or intercept pass issuance or details. The medium CVSS score suggests that while the vulnerability is not critical, it still poses a significant risk, especially if combined with social engineering or other attack vectors.

Summary

CVE-2025-12312 identifies a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the PHPGurukul Curfew e-Pass Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the view-pass-detail.php file, where the Fullname and Category parameters are not properly sanitized or encoded before being reflected in the web page output. This allows an attacker to inject arbitrary JavaScript code remotely by manipulating these parameters, which is then executed in the context of the victim's browser. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges (PR:H indicates high privileges required, but the CVSS vector states PR:H which is contradictory; given the description, no authentication is required, so this may be a CVSS vector inconsistency), and requires user interaction (UI:P), such as clicking a malicious link. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality and integrity by enabling theft of session cookies, credentials, or performing actions on behalf of the user. The CVSS score of 4.8 reflects a medium severity level, considering the ease of exploitation and potential impact. No patches or fixes have been linked yet, and no active exploitation has been reported, but the availability of a public exploit increases the urgency for mitigation. This vulnerability is typical of reflected XSS issues caused by insufficient input validation and output encoding in web applications handling user-supplied data.

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 24 Feb 2026, 21:43 UTC

Technical details

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