CVE-2025-12325 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in SourceCodester Best Salon Management System version 1.0, specifically within the /panel/forgot-password.php endpoint. The vulnerability stems from improper input validation and sanitization of the 'email' parameter, which is directly incorporated into SQL queries. This flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to inject arbitrary SQL commands, potentially enabling unauthorized access to or manipulation of the backend database. The attack vector requires no user interaction and can be executed over the network, increasing the risk profile. The CVSS v4.0 score of 6.9 reflects a medium severity, considering the vulnerability’s remote exploitability, lack of required privileges, and potential to impact confidentiality, integrity, and availability to a limited extent. No patches or fixes have been officially released yet, and while no active exploits have been reported in the wild, the public disclosure of the vulnerability details raises the likelihood of exploitation attempts. The affected product is primarily used by small and medium-sized businesses in the salon and beauty industry, which may not have robust cybersecurity defenses, increasing their exposure. The vulnerability could lead to data leakage of sensitive customer information, unauthorized account access, or disruption of service availability if exploited. The lack of authentication requirements and the direct impact on a password recovery feature make this vulnerability particularly sensitive. Remediation involves applying input validation, using parameterized queries or prepared statements, and monitoring database logs for anomalous queries. Organizations should also consider network-level protections such as web application firewalls to detect and block SQL injection attempts. Given the nature of the product and its deployment, European organizations in countries with significant salon industry presence and SourceCodester market penetration are at higher risk.

The impact of CVE-2025-12325 on European organizations primarily involves potential unauthorized access to sensitive customer data stored within the Best Salon Management System databases. This could include personal identification information, contact details, and possibly payment-related data, depending on the system’s configuration. Exploitation could also allow attackers to modify or delete data, undermining data integrity and potentially disrupting business operations. The availability of the password recovery feature as the attack vector means attackers could manipulate account recovery processes, leading to account takeover or denial of service for legitimate users. For European organizations, this raises compliance risks under GDPR, as data breaches involving personal data must be reported and can result in significant fines. Small and medium-sized enterprises in the beauty and wellness sector, which commonly use this software, may lack mature cybersecurity defenses, increasing their vulnerability. The medium severity rating indicates a moderate but tangible risk, especially given the ease of remote exploitation without authentication or user interaction. Disruption or data loss could damage customer trust and business reputation. The absence of known active exploits currently provides a window for proactive mitigation, but the public disclosure increases the urgency for European organizations to act swiftly.

To mitigate CVE-2025-12325, organizations should immediately conduct a thorough code review of the /panel/forgot-password.php script and any other components handling user input to ensure proper input validation and sanitization. Implement parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection attacks by separating SQL code from data inputs. If possible, apply any vendor-provided patches or updates as soon as they become available. In the absence of official patches, consider deploying web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules specifically designed to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the 'email' parameter. Enable detailed logging and monitoring of database queries and application logs to detect anomalous activities indicative of exploitation attempts. Restrict database user privileges to the minimum necessary to limit the impact of a successful injection. Educate IT and security teams about the vulnerability and ensure incident response plans include steps for SQL injection detection and mitigation. Additionally, consider isolating the affected application environment within the network to reduce exposure. Regularly back up critical data and verify the integrity of backups to enable recovery in case of data tampering or loss. Finally, review and enhance overall application security practices to prevent similar vulnerabilities in other components.