CVE-2025-12604 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in the itsourcecode Online Loan Management System version 1.0, specifically within the /load_fields.php script. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization of the loan_id parameter, which is directly used in SQL queries without adequate validation or parameterization. This allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to inject arbitrary SQL commands, potentially enabling unauthorized access to sensitive loan data, data modification, or deletion. The vulnerability does not require user interaction or privileges, increasing its exploitability. The CVSS 4.0 base score of 6.9 reflects a medium severity, considering the network attack vector, low complexity, and no required authentication. Although no known exploits are currently active in the wild, the public disclosure of the vulnerability increases the likelihood of exploitation attempts. The affected product is used in online loan management, making it a critical component in financial workflows. Exploiting this vulnerability could lead to breaches of customer financial data, manipulation of loan records, or disruption of loan processing services. The lack of available patches necessitates immediate mitigation through secure coding practices and access controls. Organizations should audit their deployments for this vulnerable version and apply compensating controls until a patch is available.

For European organizations, particularly financial institutions and loan service providers using the itsourcecode Online Loan Management System 1.0, this vulnerability poses significant risks. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive customer financial information, violating data protection regulations such as GDPR. Integrity of loan data could be compromised, resulting in fraudulent loan approvals or denials, financial losses, and reputational damage. Availability of loan management services might also be affected if attackers manipulate or delete critical data. Given the financial sector's regulatory scrutiny and the importance of trust, such an incident could trigger legal penalties and loss of customer confidence. The remote, unauthenticated nature of the vulnerability increases the risk of widespread exploitation, especially if attackers automate attacks against exposed systems. The medium severity rating indicates a substantial but not catastrophic impact, emphasizing the need for timely remediation to prevent escalation.

1. Immediately audit all instances of itsourcecode Online Loan Management System to identify version 1.0 deployments. 2. Implement strict input validation and sanitization on the loan_id parameter, ensuring only expected numeric or alphanumeric values are accepted. 3. Refactor the /load_fields.php code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection. 4. Restrict access to the /load_fields.php endpoint using network-level controls such as firewalls or VPNs, limiting exposure to trusted internal users only. 5. Monitor logs for suspicious SQL query patterns or repeated access attempts to the vulnerable endpoint. 6. Engage with the vendor or community to obtain or develop an official patch or upgrade to a non-vulnerable version. 7. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on injection vulnerabilities. 8. Educate developers and administrators on secure coding practices and the importance of input validation. 9. Consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting loan_id parameters. 10. Prepare an incident response plan to quickly address any exploitation attempts or breaches.