CVE-2025-12610 is a SQL injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the CodeAstro Gym Management System, specifically affecting the /admin/view-progress-report.php endpoint. The vulnerability occurs due to insufficient input validation and sanitization of the 'ID' parameter, which is used in SQL queries to retrieve progress reports. An attacker with authenticated high-level privileges can manipulate this parameter to inject arbitrary SQL commands, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion within the database. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without user interaction, but requires the attacker to have elevated privileges (PR:H). The CVSS 4.0 score of 5.1 reflects a medium severity, considering the attack vector is network-based (AV:N), with low attack complexity (AC:L), no user interaction (UI:N), and partial impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (VC:L, VI:L, VA:L). While no public exploits have been reported in the wild, the vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation. The lack of available patches or mitigation links indicates that organizations must implement compensating controls or seek vendor updates promptly. This vulnerability could allow attackers to exfiltrate sensitive client data, alter gym progress reports, or disrupt system operations, affecting trust and compliance with data protection regulations.

For European organizations using CodeAstro Gym Management System 1.0, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of personal and health-related data stored within the system. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of client progress reports and personal information, violating GDPR requirements and potentially resulting in regulatory penalties. Integrity impacts include unauthorized modification or deletion of progress data, undermining the reliability of fitness tracking and client management. Availability could also be affected if injected SQL commands disrupt database operations or cause denial of service. Given the vulnerability requires high privilege authentication, insider threats or compromised administrator accounts are primary risk vectors. The medium severity suggests a moderate but non-trivial impact, especially for organizations relying heavily on this system for client management and reporting. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate it, particularly as public disclosure may encourage attackers to develop exploits.

1. Immediate mitigation should focus on restricting access to the /admin/view-progress-report.php endpoint to trusted administrators only, using network segmentation and strong authentication mechanisms such as multi-factor authentication (MFA). 2. Implement input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements in the affected code to prevent SQL injection. If source code modification is not immediately feasible, deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious SQL injection patterns targeting the 'ID' parameter. 3. Monitor logs for unusual database query patterns or failed login attempts that could indicate exploitation attempts. 4. Conduct a thorough audit of all administrative interfaces for similar injection vulnerabilities. 5. Engage with the vendor CodeAstro to obtain official patches or updates and apply them as soon as they become available. 6. Educate administrators on the risks of privilege misuse and enforce the principle of least privilege to minimize potential attack surfaces. 7. Regularly back up databases and test restoration procedures to mitigate potential data loss from malicious activity.