CVE-2025-12860 is a SQL injection vulnerability identified in the DedeBIZ software, versions 6.3.0 through 6.3.2. The vulnerability exists in an unspecified function within the /admin/freelist_main.php file, where the 'orderby' parameter is improperly sanitized, allowing an attacker to inject malicious SQL code. This injection flaw can be exploited remotely but requires the attacker to have high-level privileges (PR:H) and does not require user interaction (UI:N). The vulnerability impacts the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the underlying database, as attackers can manipulate SQL queries to extract sensitive data, modify or delete records, or disrupt database operations. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates no scope change (S:N) and low impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (VC:L, VI:L, VA:L), reflecting limited but non-negligible damage potential. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the likelihood of exploitation, although no active exploits have been reported in the wild yet. The vulnerability is particularly concerning for organizations relying on DedeBIZ for administrative or business-critical functions, as unauthorized SQL commands could lead to data leakage or operational disruption. The absence of official patches at the time of publication necessitates immediate mitigation efforts.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability can be significant, especially for those using DedeBIZ in administrative or business management roles. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive business data, including financial records, customer information, or internal configurations. This could result in data breaches, regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR violations), reputational damage, and financial losses. The requirement for high privilege access reduces the risk of external attackers exploiting the vulnerability directly; however, insider threats or compromised credentials could be leveraged to exploit this flaw. Additionally, disruption of database availability could affect business continuity. Given the public availability of exploit code, the risk of targeted attacks against European entities using DedeBIZ is elevated. Organizations in sectors with stringent data protection requirements or critical infrastructure may face increased operational and legal risks.

1. Restrict access to the /admin/freelist_main.php interface strictly to trusted administrators and secure it behind VPNs or IP whitelisting to reduce exposure. 2. Implement strong authentication and session management to prevent unauthorized high-privilege access. 3. Apply input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements in the affected code to eliminate SQL injection vectors. 4. Monitor database logs and application logs for unusual query patterns or failed injection attempts. 5. If patches become available, prioritize immediate application to affected DedeBIZ versions. 6. Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing focusing on web application inputs, especially in administrative modules. 7. Educate administrators about the risks of credential compromise and enforce multi-factor authentication. 8. Consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAF) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the 'orderby' parameter.