CVE-2025-12906 is a vulnerability identified in Google Chrome versions prior to 140.0.7339.80, involving an inappropriate implementation of permission handling that enables remote attackers to conduct UI spoofing attacks. Specifically, the flaw resides in how Chrome manages permissions prompts or UI elements, allowing a crafted HTML page to mimic legitimate browser UI components. This can deceive users into believing they are interacting with trusted browser dialogs or permission requests, potentially leading to phishing or social engineering attacks. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-693, which relates to improper implementation of security features. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.4 (medium), with vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L, indicating network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, user interaction needed, unchanged scope, limited confidentiality impact, no integrity impact, and low availability impact. No known exploits have been reported in the wild, and no official patches or mitigation links were provided at the time of disclosure, though the fixed version is 140.0.7339.80. The vulnerability primarily affects the confidentiality and availability of user data by potentially tricking users into revealing sensitive information or disrupting normal browser operations through spoofed UI elements.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a moderate risk primarily through social engineering and phishing attacks that exploit UI spoofing to deceive users. Confidentiality could be compromised if users are tricked into granting permissions or divulging sensitive information. Availability impact is low but possible if spoofed UI elements interfere with normal browser functionality. Integrity is not affected. Organizations relying heavily on Chrome for web access, especially those handling sensitive data or financial transactions, may see increased risk of targeted phishing campaigns leveraging this flaw. The need for user interaction limits automated exploitation but does not eliminate risk, especially in sectors with high user exposure such as finance, healthcare, and government. The absence of known exploits reduces immediate threat but underscores the importance of proactive patching and user training to mitigate potential attacks.

1. Update Google Chrome to version 140.0.7339.80 or later as soon as it becomes available to ensure the vulnerability is patched. 2. Until patching is possible, implement browser policies to restrict or monitor permission prompts and suspicious UI behaviors. 3. Educate users to recognize legitimate browser permission requests and be cautious of unexpected or unusual UI elements, especially on untrusted websites. 4. Employ web filtering solutions to block access to known malicious or suspicious sites that could host crafted HTML pages exploiting this vulnerability. 5. Use endpoint security solutions capable of detecting phishing and social engineering attempts that may leverage UI spoofing. 6. Monitor security advisories from Google and related threat intelligence sources for updates or emerging exploit reports. 7. Consider deploying browser extensions or security tools that enhance UI integrity verification or alert users to potential spoofing attempts.