CVE-2025-12914 is a SQL injection vulnerability identified in the aaPanel BaoTa web hosting control panel, affecting versions 11.0 through 11.2.x. The vulnerability resides in the backend component handling the /database?action=GetDatabaseAccess endpoint, where the 'Name' parameter is improperly sanitized, allowing an attacker to inject malicious SQL queries. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely without user interaction or prior authentication, making it accessible to unauthenticated remote attackers. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 5.1 (medium severity), reflecting network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction, and limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Exploitation could allow attackers to read, modify, or delete database contents, potentially leading to data leakage, unauthorized data manipulation, or denial of service. Although no active exploits have been reported, the public disclosure of the vulnerability increases the likelihood of exploitation attempts. The vendor has released version 11.3.0 to address this issue, and upgrading is strongly recommended. The vulnerability is particularly relevant for organizations using aaPanel BaoTa for managing web servers and databases, as it could expose sensitive backend data and compromise system integrity.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized database access and manipulation, potentially leading to data breaches involving sensitive customer or operational data. The ability to execute SQL injection remotely without authentication increases the attack surface, especially for internet-facing control panels. This could result in service disruptions, loss of data integrity, and exposure of confidential information, impacting compliance with GDPR and other data protection regulations. Organizations relying on aaPanel BaoTa for web hosting or database management may face operational downtime and reputational damage if exploited. The medium severity rating suggests moderate impact, but the ease of exploitation and public disclosure heighten urgency. Attackers could leverage this vulnerability to pivot into broader network compromise or persistent access, particularly in environments with weak network segmentation or insufficient monitoring.

1. Immediately upgrade aaPanel BaoTa installations to version 11.3.0 or later, which contains the patch for this vulnerability. 2. Restrict access to the /database?action=GetDatabaseAccess endpoint by implementing network-level controls such as IP whitelisting or VPN access to limit exposure to trusted administrators only. 3. Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the vulnerable parameter. 4. Conduct regular security audits and code reviews of custom integrations with aaPanel to ensure no additional injection points exist. 5. Monitor database logs and web server access logs for unusual queries or access patterns indicative of exploitation attempts. 6. Implement least privilege principles for database accounts used by aaPanel to minimize potential damage from injection attacks. 7. Educate system administrators on the risks of SQL injection and the importance of timely patching and secure configuration. 8. Consider deploying intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) tuned to detect SQL injection attempts targeting aaPanel components.