CVE-2025-12914 is a SQL injection vulnerability affecting aaPanel BaoTa versions 11.0 and 11.1.0, specifically in the backend component handling the /database?action=GetDatabaseAccess request. The vulnerability arises from insufficient sanitization of the 'Name' parameter, which an attacker can manipulate to inject arbitrary SQL commands. This injection flaw allows remote attackers to execute unauthorized SQL queries on the backend database, potentially leading to data leakage, unauthorized data modification, or disruption of database operations. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely without user interaction but requires the attacker to have high privileges (PR:H), which suggests that some form of authentication or elevated access is necessary before exploitation. The CVSS 4.0 score is 5.1 (medium), reflecting the moderate impact and exploitation complexity. The vendor has been notified but has not responded or released patches, and public exploit code has been disclosed, increasing the likelihood of exploitation attempts. The vulnerability affects critical backend functionality related to database access, making it a significant risk for systems relying on aaPanel BaoTa for server and database management.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a moderate risk primarily to those using aaPanel BaoTa for web hosting control panels or server management. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive database information, data tampering, or service disruption. This can impact confidentiality by exposing sensitive data, integrity by allowing unauthorized modifications, and availability if database operations are disrupted. Organizations in sectors such as finance, healthcare, and government, which often rely on web hosting panels for internal or external services, could face regulatory and reputational damage if exploited. The lack of vendor response and public exploit availability increases the urgency of mitigation. Given the requirement for high privileges, the threat is somewhat contained but still significant if attackers gain initial access through other means. The vulnerability could be leveraged as part of a multi-stage attack chain, especially in environments with weak internal access controls.

1. Immediately restrict network access to the /database?action=GetDatabaseAccess endpoint using firewall rules or web application firewalls (WAF) to limit exposure to trusted administrators only. 2. Implement strict input validation and sanitization on the 'Name' parameter at the application or proxy level to block malicious SQL payloads. 3. Monitor database logs and web server logs for unusual or suspicious SQL queries or access patterns indicative of exploitation attempts. 4. Enforce the principle of least privilege on user accounts with access to aaPanel BaoTa, ensuring only necessary users have high privileges. 5. Consider isolating the aaPanel BaoTa management interface from public networks, restricting it to internal or VPN-only access. 6. Until an official patch is released, explore temporary workarounds such as disabling the vulnerable backend component if feasible. 7. Maintain up-to-date backups of databases and configurations to enable recovery in case of compromise. 8. Stay alert for vendor updates or community patches and plan timely deployment once available.