CVE-2025-13344 is a SQL injection vulnerability identified in SourceCodester Train Station Ticketing System version 1.0. The vulnerability resides in the /ajax.php?action=login endpoint, where the 'Username' parameter is improperly sanitized, allowing attackers to inject malicious SQL code. This injection can be performed remotely without any authentication or user interaction, making it highly accessible to attackers. The vulnerability has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 6.9 (medium severity), reflecting its potential to impact confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system's database. Exploiting this flaw could allow attackers to extract sensitive information such as user credentials, ticketing details, or manipulate database records, potentially disrupting ticketing operations. Although no active exploitation has been reported, the availability of public exploit code increases the risk of attacks. The vulnerability affects only version 1.0 of the software, and no official patches have been published yet. The lack of authentication and user interaction requirements combined with low attack complexity makes this vulnerability a significant concern for organizations relying on this system. The technical root cause is inadequate input validation and failure to use parameterized queries or prepared statements in the login functionality, leading to SQL injection.

For European organizations, especially those operating train station ticketing systems using SourceCodester's software, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized data access, data manipulation, and service disruption. Confidentiality breaches could expose personal data of passengers, including login credentials and travel information, leading to privacy violations under GDPR. Integrity compromises could allow attackers to alter ticketing data, causing financial losses or operational chaos. Availability impacts might result in denial of service if the database is corrupted or overwhelmed by injection attacks. Given the critical role of rail transport in Europe, such disruptions could have cascading effects on public transportation reliability and customer trust. The public availability of exploit code increases the likelihood of opportunistic attacks, especially targeting smaller operators with limited cybersecurity resources. The medium severity rating suggests a significant but not catastrophic risk, emphasizing the need for timely mitigation to prevent escalation.

Organizations should immediately implement strict input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied data, particularly the 'Username' parameter in the login endpoint. Employing parameterized queries or prepared statements in the backend database interactions is essential to prevent SQL injection. If possible, upgrade to a patched version of the software once available or apply vendor-provided patches promptly. In the absence of official patches, consider deploying web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the vulnerable endpoint. Conduct thorough code reviews and penetration testing focused on injection flaws. Monitor logs for suspicious login attempts or unusual database queries indicative of exploitation attempts. Restrict database user privileges to the minimum necessary to limit the impact of any successful injection. Additionally, ensure regular backups of ticketing system data to enable recovery in case of data corruption or loss. Train IT and security staff on recognizing and responding to SQL injection threats specific to this system.