CVE-2025-13421 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in itsourcecode Human Resource Management System (HRMS) version 1.0, specifically within the /src/store/NoticeStore.php file. The vulnerability arises from insufficient sanitization of the noticeDesc parameter, which is used in SQL queries without proper validation or parameterization. This allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to inject arbitrary SQL commands by manipulating the noticeDesc argument, potentially leading to unauthorized data retrieval, modification, or deletion within the HRMS database. The vulnerability does not require user interaction or privileges, making it accessible over the network. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L) indicates network attack vector, low attack complexity, no authentication, and no user interaction, with limited impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no exploits have been observed in the wild, the public disclosure increases the likelihood of exploitation attempts. The HRMS typically stores sensitive employee data, so exploitation could compromise personal information and disrupt HR operations. The lack of available patches necessitates immediate mitigation efforts by organizations using this software. Recommended mitigations include implementing prepared statements or parameterized queries for database access, validating and sanitizing all user inputs, and applying the principle of least privilege to database accounts. Monitoring for unusual database activity and network traffic related to the HRMS is also advised to detect potential exploitation attempts.

For European organizations, exploitation of this SQL injection vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive employee data, including personal identification, payroll, and performance records, thereby violating data protection regulations such as GDPR. Integrity of HR data could be compromised, resulting in inaccurate records or fraudulent modifications. Availability impacts could arise if attackers delete or corrupt database entries, disrupting HR operations and payroll processing. The remote, unauthenticated nature of the attack vector increases the risk of widespread exploitation, especially in organizations that have not implemented adequate input validation or database security controls. The medium severity rating reflects partial but significant impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Organizations in sectors with strict compliance requirements or those handling large volumes of employee data are particularly vulnerable to reputational damage, regulatory penalties, and operational disruption if this vulnerability is exploited.

1. Immediately implement input validation and sanitization for the noticeDesc parameter and any other user-supplied inputs within the HRMS. 2. Refactor database queries to use prepared statements or parameterized queries to prevent SQL injection. 3. Restrict database user privileges to the minimum necessary for application functionality, avoiding use of high-privilege accounts. 4. Monitor database logs and network traffic for unusual queries or access patterns indicative of exploitation attempts. 5. If a patch becomes available from itsourcecode, apply it promptly. 6. Conduct a thorough security review of the HRMS source code to identify and remediate similar injection vulnerabilities. 7. Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) with SQL injection detection rules tailored to the HRMS environment. 8. Educate IT and security teams about this vulnerability and ensure incident response plans include steps for SQL injection incidents. 9. Consider isolating the HRMS system within a segmented network zone to limit exposure. 10. Regularly back up HRMS databases and verify backup integrity to enable recovery in case of data corruption or deletion.