CVE-2025-13557 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in Campcodes Online Polling System version 1.0, specifically within the /registeracc.php script. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization of the 'email' parameter, which is directly used in SQL queries without adequate validation or parameterization. This allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to inject arbitrary SQL commands, potentially leading to unauthorized access, data leakage, data modification, or even complete compromise of the backend database. The vulnerability does not require any user interaction or privileges, making it highly accessible for exploitation. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9 (medium severity), reflecting the network attack vector, low attack complexity, and no need for authentication or user interaction. The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is rated as low individually but collectively significant due to the potential for data manipulation and unauthorized access. Although no known exploits are currently active in the wild, the public disclosure increases the likelihood of exploitation attempts. The lack of available patches necessitates immediate mitigation efforts by users of the affected system. The vulnerability poses a particular risk to organizations relying on the polling system for critical or sensitive data collection, including political campaigns, public opinion research, or organizational decision-making processes.

For European organizations, this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive voter or participant data, manipulation of polling results, and erosion of trust in digital polling processes. Confidentiality breaches could expose personal information, including email addresses and potentially linked identities. Integrity violations could allow attackers to alter poll outcomes, which is particularly critical in politically sensitive environments or public opinion research. Availability impacts could arise if attackers execute destructive SQL commands, causing denial of service or data loss. Given the increasing reliance on digital polling in European political and social contexts, exploitation could have reputational, legal, and operational consequences. Organizations involved in elections, public consultations, or market research are especially at risk. The medium severity score suggests a significant but not catastrophic risk, yet the ease of exploitation and lack of authentication requirements elevate the urgency for mitigation. The threat landscape in Europe, with heightened focus on election security and data protection regulations like GDPR, amplifies the potential impact of such vulnerabilities.

Immediate mitigation should focus on implementing robust input validation and sanitization for the 'email' parameter in /registeracc.php. Developers should refactor the code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection. Until patches are available, organizations should consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the vulnerable parameter. Database accounts used by the polling system should have the least privileges necessary, restricting access to only required tables and operations to limit damage from potential exploitation. Regular monitoring of database logs and application logs for suspicious queries or anomalies is recommended. Organizations should also conduct security audits and penetration testing on the polling system to identify any additional vulnerabilities. If feasible, migrating to a newer, patched version of the software or alternative polling solutions with secure coding practices is advisable. Finally, raising awareness among IT and security teams about this vulnerability will help ensure timely detection and response to any exploitation attempts.