CVE-2025-13566 is a vulnerability identified in the 'nnn' terminal file manager, versions 5.0 and 5.1. The issue arises from a double free condition in the functions show_content_in_floating_window and run_cmd_as_plugin within the source file nnn/src/nnn.c. A double free occurs when the program attempts to free the same memory location twice, leading to memory corruption, which can cause crashes or potentially be leveraged for arbitrary code execution. However, exploitation requires local access with low privileges and does not require user interaction, limiting the attack vector to local users or processes with some level of access. The vulnerability does not impact confidentiality, integrity, or availability directly but can lead to denial of service or local privilege escalation if combined with other vulnerabilities. The patch identified by commit 2f07ccdf21e705377862e5f9dfa31e1694979ac7 addresses this issue by correcting the memory management logic to prevent the double free. No public exploits have been reported, indicating limited active exploitation. The CVSS 4.8 score reflects a medium severity, considering the local attack vector and the requirement for privileges. The vulnerability is relevant primarily to Linux environments where 'nnn' is used as a lightweight file manager, often favored by developers and system administrators.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-13566 is primarily related to potential denial of service or local privilege escalation on systems where 'nnn' is installed and used. Since exploitation requires local access, the threat is higher in environments with multiple users or where untrusted users have shell access. Organizations relying on 'nnn' for file management in development, system administration, or automation tasks could face disruptions if the vulnerability is exploited. While no remote exploitation is possible, insider threats or compromised accounts could leverage this flaw to destabilize systems or escalate privileges. The impact on confidentiality is minimal, but integrity and availability could be affected due to memory corruption. European entities with strong open-source usage, especially in IT, research, and development sectors, may be more exposed. The absence of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the need for timely patching to prevent future attacks.

To mitigate CVE-2025-13566, European organizations should: 1) Immediately apply the patch identified by commit 2f07ccdf21e705377862e5f9dfa31e1694979ac7 from the official 'nnn' repository or vendor updates. 2) Restrict local access to systems running 'nnn' to trusted users only, minimizing the risk of local exploitation. 3) Implement strict user privilege management and monitor for unusual local activity that could indicate exploitation attempts. 4) Employ memory protection mechanisms such as Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) and stack canaries to reduce exploitation success. 5) Regularly audit installed software versions and remove or replace unused or unnecessary tools like 'nnn' in sensitive environments. 6) Educate users about the risks of running untrusted commands or plugins within 'nnn' to avoid triggering the vulnerable code paths. 7) Integrate vulnerability scanning and patch management processes to ensure timely updates of open-source tools.