CVE-2025-14418 is a remote code execution vulnerability identified in pdfforge PDF Architect version 9.1.74.23030. The root cause is a CWE-356 weakness, where the product's user interface fails to warn users about unsafe actions when processing XLS files. Specifically, the application allows execution of dangerous scripts embedded within XLS files without adequate user notification or confirmation. This flaw enables an attacker to craft a malicious XLS file that, when opened by a user, executes arbitrary code in the context of the current user. The vulnerability requires user interaction, such as opening a malicious file or visiting a malicious webpage that triggers the file processing. The CVSS v3.0 score is 7.0, reflecting high severity due to the potential for full compromise of user data and system integrity. The attack vector is local (AV:L), requiring high attack complexity (AC:H), no privileges (PR:N), and user interaction (UI:R). The scope is unchanged (S:U), but confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts are all high (C:H/I:H/A:H). No patches are currently linked, and no known exploits are reported in the wild, but the vulnerability was reserved and published in December 2025 by ZDI (ZDI-CAN-27502). This vulnerability highlights the risk of insufficient UI warnings leading to exploitation through social engineering or malicious document delivery.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk, especially in environments where pdfforge PDF Architect is widely used for document management and processing. Successful exploitation can lead to arbitrary code execution, allowing attackers to steal sensitive data, modify or delete files, and potentially move laterally within networks. The requirement for user interaction means phishing or social engineering campaigns could be effective attack vectors. Confidentiality, integrity, and availability of critical business information could be compromised, impacting compliance with GDPR and other data protection regulations. Organizations in finance, government, healthcare, and legal sectors are particularly vulnerable due to the sensitive nature of their documents and regulatory scrutiny. The lack of an immediate patch increases exposure time, necessitating interim mitigations. Additionally, the high attack complexity and requirement for user interaction somewhat limit mass exploitation but do not eliminate targeted attacks against high-value European entities.

1. Monitor pdfforge's official channels for patches addressing CVE-2025-14418 and apply them promptly upon release. 2. Implement strict policies to restrict or block opening XLS files from untrusted or unknown sources within PDF Architect. 3. Employ application whitelisting and sandboxing techniques to limit the execution context of PDF Architect and associated processes. 4. Enhance user training focused on recognizing phishing attempts and the risks of opening unsolicited XLS files. 5. Use endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools to monitor for suspicious script execution or anomalous behavior originating from PDF Architect processes. 6. Consider disabling or limiting script execution features within PDF Architect if configurable. 7. Network segmentation to isolate systems running PDF Architect from critical infrastructure can reduce lateral movement risk. 8. Regularly update antivirus and antimalware solutions to detect known malicious XLS payloads. 9. Employ email filtering solutions to block or quarantine XLS attachments from untrusted senders. 10. Maintain robust backup and recovery procedures to mitigate impact from potential ransomware or destructive payloads delivered via this vulnerability.