CVE-2025-14578 identifies a SQL Injection vulnerability in the itsourcecode Student Management System version 1.0, located in the /update_account.php script. The vulnerability is triggered by manipulation of the ID parameter, which is not properly sanitized before being used in SQL queries. This allows an attacker to inject arbitrary SQL commands remotely without requiring authentication or user interaction. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9 (medium), reflecting the ease of exploitation (network accessible, no privileges needed) and the partial impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability could enable attackers to extract sensitive data, modify records, or disrupt database operations. Although no active exploits have been reported in the wild, the public availability of exploit code increases the risk of exploitation. The affected product is primarily used in educational environments, where student data confidentiality and system integrity are critical. The lack of available patches necessitates immediate mitigation efforts. The vulnerability does not require user interaction, making automated exploitation feasible. The scope is limited to the Student Management System version 1.0, but given the critical nature of educational data, the impact can be significant. This vulnerability exemplifies common risks associated with improper input validation and highlights the need for secure coding practices in web applications handling sensitive data.

For European organizations, especially educational institutions using the itsourcecode Student Management System 1.0, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of student and administrative data. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of personal information, manipulation of student records, or denial of service through database corruption. This could result in regulatory non-compliance with GDPR due to data breaches, reputational damage, and operational disruptions. The medium severity rating reflects that while the vulnerability is exploitable remotely without authentication, the impact is somewhat limited to the affected system and does not extend to broader network compromise. However, given the sensitive nature of educational data and the potential for cascading effects on institutional operations, the threat is non-trivial. European entities may face legal and financial consequences if breaches occur. The public availability of exploit code increases the likelihood of opportunistic attacks, making timely mitigation critical. Additionally, attackers could leverage this vulnerability as a foothold for further lateral movement within institutional networks if other security controls are weak.

1. Immediate mitigation should focus on implementing strict input validation and sanitization for the ID parameter in /update_account.php to prevent SQL injection. 2. Employ parameterized queries or prepared statements in the application code to eliminate direct concatenation of user inputs into SQL commands. 3. If patching the software is not immediately possible due to lack of vendor updates, deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the vulnerable endpoint. 4. Conduct thorough code reviews and security testing of the Student Management System to identify and remediate similar injection flaws. 5. Monitor database logs and application logs for unusual query patterns or errors indicative of injection attempts. 6. Restrict database user permissions to the minimum necessary to limit the impact of a successful injection. 7. Educate IT staff and administrators about this vulnerability and the importance of timely updates and monitoring. 8. Consider network segmentation to isolate the Student Management System from critical infrastructure to reduce potential lateral movement. 9. Maintain regular backups of the database to enable recovery in case of data corruption or loss. 10. Engage with the vendor or community to obtain patches or updates addressing this vulnerability as soon as they become available.