CVE-2025-14584 is a SQL injection vulnerability identified in the itsourcecode COVID Tracking System version 1.0, affecting the /admin/login.php file within the Admin Login component. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization of the Username parameter, allowing an attacker to inject arbitrary SQL commands remotely without requiring authentication or user interaction. This can lead to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion within the backend database, potentially compromising sensitive health and tracking information. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9, reflecting a medium severity with network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges or user interaction needed, and limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no known exploits are currently active in the wild, the public disclosure increases the risk of exploitation by threat actors. The vulnerability's presence in a COVID tracking system is particularly concerning as it may expose sensitive personal health data or disrupt critical pandemic response operations. The lack of available patches necessitates immediate mitigation efforts such as input validation, use of parameterized queries, and monitoring for suspicious activities. Organizations should also audit their deployments to identify affected instances and restrict access to the admin interface where possible.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability can be significant, especially for those involved in public health, government pandemic response, or healthcare services using the itsourcecode COVID Tracking System. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive personal health data, undermining privacy regulations such as GDPR. Data integrity could be compromised, resulting in inaccurate tracking information that may affect public health decisions. Availability of the system could also be disrupted, impeding timely pandemic response efforts. The medium severity score indicates a moderate risk, but the critical nature of the data involved elevates the potential consequences. Additionally, reputational damage and regulatory penalties could arise from breaches. The remote, unauthenticated nature of the exploit increases the likelihood of attacks, especially if the system is exposed to the internet without adequate protections.

1. Immediate code review and remediation to sanitize the Username input in /admin/login.php, implementing prepared statements or parameterized queries to prevent SQL injection. 2. Restrict access to the admin login interface using network-level controls such as VPNs, IP whitelisting, or firewall rules to limit exposure. 3. Conduct thorough audits to identify all instances of the affected COVID Tracking System version 1.0 within the organization. 4. Implement web application firewalls (WAF) with SQL injection detection and prevention rules tailored to this vulnerability. 5. Monitor logs and network traffic for unusual or suspicious activities targeting the admin login endpoint. 6. Develop and deploy patches or updates from the vendor as soon as they become available. 7. Educate administrators and security teams about the vulnerability and signs of exploitation. 8. Consider isolating or decommissioning vulnerable systems if immediate patching is not feasible, to reduce risk exposure.