CVE-2025-14584 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in the itsourcecode COVID Tracking System version 1.0, specifically within the /admin/login.php file's Admin Login component. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization of the Username parameter, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary SQL commands remotely without requiring authentication or user interaction. This flaw enables attackers to manipulate backend database queries, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion, and could allow full administrative control over the application. The CVSS 4.0 score of 6.9 reflects a medium severity, considering the vulnerability is remotely exploitable with low attack complexity and no privileges or user interaction needed, but with limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (low to limited impact). No patches or fixes have been published yet, and no known exploits are reported in the wild, but public disclosure increases the risk of exploitation attempts. The vulnerability affects only version 1.0 of the software, which is used for COVID-19 tracking, a critical public health application that may contain sensitive personal and health data. The lack of secure coding practices in input validation and query handling in the login module is the root cause. Organizations using this system must urgently address this flaw to prevent potential data breaches or system compromise.

For European organizations, exploitation of this SQL injection vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive health and personal data collected by the COVID Tracking System, violating GDPR and other privacy regulations. Attackers could manipulate or exfiltrate data, disrupt contact tracing efforts, or gain administrative control, undermining public health responses. The impact extends to reputational damage, regulatory penalties, and operational disruptions. Given the critical nature of COVID tracking systems, any compromise could hinder pandemic management efforts. The medium severity indicates a moderate risk, but the criticality of the data involved elevates the potential consequences. Organizations relying on this software in healthcare, government, or public health sectors are particularly vulnerable. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the exploit increases the attack surface, especially if the system is internet-facing or insufficiently segmented.

1. Immediately implement input validation and sanitization on the Username parameter in /admin/login.php to prevent SQL injection, ideally using parameterized queries or prepared statements. 2. If source code modification is not feasible immediately, deploy web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules targeting SQL injection patterns on the login endpoint. 3. Restrict network access to the admin login interface to trusted IP addresses or VPNs to reduce exposure. 4. Monitor logs for suspicious login attempts or unusual database query patterns indicative of injection attempts. 5. Conduct a comprehensive security review of the entire application for similar injection flaws. 6. Coordinate with the vendor for an official patch or update and apply it as soon as available. 7. Educate administrators on incident response procedures in case of suspected compromise. 8. Ensure regular backups of the database and system configurations to enable recovery if needed. 9. Consider isolating the COVID Tracking System from other critical infrastructure to limit lateral movement.