CVE-2025-14644 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in the itsourcecode Student Management System version 1.0, specifically in an unknown function within the /update_subject.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'ID' parameter, which is susceptible to malicious SQL payloads. An attacker can remotely exploit this flaw without requiring authentication or user interaction, enabling them to execute arbitrary SQL commands against the backend database. This can lead to unauthorized data disclosure, modification, or deletion, potentially compromising the entire student management database. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9, reflecting medium severity due to the lack of authentication and user interaction but limited scope and impact. No patches or fixes have been publicly released yet, and no known exploits are detected in the wild, though the public disclosure increases the risk of future exploitation. The vulnerability affects only version 1.0 of the software, which may be deployed in educational institutions managing student records, grades, and schedules. The absence of secure coding practices such as parameterized queries or prepared statements in the vulnerable code is the root cause. Immediate remediation involves code review and secure coding updates to prevent injection attacks.

For European organizations, particularly educational institutions using the itsourcecode Student Management System 1.0, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive student data. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to personal information, academic records, and potentially administrative credentials. Data manipulation or deletion could disrupt academic operations, causing availability issues and reputational damage. Given the remote and unauthenticated nature of the exploit, attackers could launch automated attacks at scale, increasing the likelihood of compromise. The impact extends beyond data loss to regulatory compliance risks under GDPR, as unauthorized data exposure could result in legal penalties and loss of trust. The medium severity score suggests moderate impact, but the criticality of educational data elevates the operational risk. Organizations may also face indirect impacts such as increased incident response costs and potential disruption of educational services.

To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should immediately audit the /update_subject.php file and any related code handling the 'ID' parameter. Implement strict input validation and sanitization to reject malicious SQL payloads. Refactor the code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements, which effectively prevent SQL injection. If source code modification is not immediately feasible, consider deploying web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the vulnerable endpoint. Monitor logs for suspicious activity related to the 'ID' parameter and unusual database queries. Educate developers on secure coding practices to prevent similar vulnerabilities. Coordinate with the vendor for official patches or updates and apply them promptly once available. Additionally, conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on injection flaws. Backup critical data frequently to enable recovery in case of data corruption or deletion.