CVE-2025-15006 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the Tenda WH450 router firmware version 1.0.0.18. The vulnerability resides in the HTTP Request Handler component, specifically within the /goform/CheckTools endpoint. An attacker can remotely send a specially crafted HTTP request manipulating the 'ipaddress' parameter, causing a stack-based buffer overflow. This overflow can lead to arbitrary code execution, potentially allowing an attacker to take full control of the affected device. The vulnerability requires no authentication or user interaction, making it highly accessible to remote attackers. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 9.3, indicating a critical severity with network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, and no user interaction needed. The impact covers confidentiality, integrity, and availability, as an attacker could intercept, modify, or disrupt network traffic or use the device as a pivot point for further attacks. Although no patches have been officially released yet, a public exploit is available, increasing the urgency for mitigation. The vulnerability affects only version 1.0.0.18 of the firmware, so upgrading to a fixed version when available is essential. Until then, network-level protections and access restrictions are recommended to reduce exposure.

For European organizations, exploitation of CVE-2025-15006 could result in severe consequences including unauthorized access to internal networks, interception or manipulation of sensitive data, disruption of network services, and potential lateral movement within corporate environments. Given the critical role routers play in network infrastructure, compromise of Tenda WH450 devices could undermine perimeter defenses and facilitate broader cyberattacks such as ransomware or espionage. Organizations in sectors like finance, healthcare, government, and critical infrastructure are particularly at risk due to the sensitivity of their data and the potential operational impact. The availability of a public exploit increases the likelihood of opportunistic attacks, including by cybercriminal groups targeting European entities. Additionally, the lack of authentication and user interaction requirements lowers the barrier for exploitation, making automated scanning and exploitation feasible. This could lead to widespread compromise if devices remain unpatched or unmitigated. The impact extends beyond individual organizations to national cybersecurity posture, especially where Tenda devices are deployed at scale.

1. Immediately identify and inventory all Tenda WH450 devices running firmware version 1.0.0.18 within the network. 2. Restrict access to the management interface of these devices by implementing network segmentation and firewall rules that limit HTTP access to trusted administrative hosts only. 3. Disable remote management features if not strictly necessary to reduce exposure. 4. Monitor network traffic for unusual or suspicious HTTP requests targeting the /goform/CheckTools endpoint, using intrusion detection systems or custom signatures. 5. Apply virtual patching via web application firewalls (WAFs) or network intrusion prevention systems (IPS) to block exploit attempts targeting the vulnerable parameter. 6. Engage with Tenda support channels to obtain official patches or firmware updates and plan immediate deployment once available. 7. Educate network administrators about the vulnerability and ensure secure configuration practices are followed to minimize attack surface. 8. Consider replacing vulnerable devices with alternative hardware if patching is delayed or unavailable, especially in critical network segments. 9. Conduct regular vulnerability scanning and penetration testing to verify mitigation effectiveness and detect potential exploitation attempts.