CVE-2025-15047 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the Tenda WH450 router firmware version 1.0.0.18. The flaw resides in the HTTP request handler component, specifically within the /goform/PPTPDClient endpoint that processes the Username parameter. By manipulating this argument, an attacker can overflow the stack buffer, potentially overwriting return addresses or other control data, leading to arbitrary code execution. This vulnerability is remotely exploitable over the network without requiring authentication or user interaction, making it highly dangerous. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 9.3 (critical), reflecting the ease of exploitation (attack vector: network, no privileges or user interaction needed) and the severe impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no confirmed exploits in the wild have been reported yet, the public availability of exploit code increases the likelihood of attacks. The vulnerability affects only firmware version 1.0.0.18, and no official patches have been linked yet. Attackers could leverage this flaw to take full control of affected devices, potentially using them as pivot points for further network compromise or to disrupt network services. The vulnerability highlights the importance of securing management interfaces and promptly applying vendor updates once available.

For European organizations, exploitation of CVE-2025-15047 could lead to complete compromise of Tenda WH450 routers, resulting in unauthorized access to internal networks, interception or manipulation of sensitive data, and disruption of network availability. This is particularly critical for enterprises and service providers relying on these devices for VPN or remote access services, as the vulnerable endpoint relates to PPTP client configuration. Compromise could facilitate lateral movement, data exfiltration, or deployment of ransomware. Critical infrastructure sectors such as energy, finance, and telecommunications that use Tenda devices may face operational disruptions and increased risk of espionage or sabotage. The remote, unauthenticated nature of the exploit increases the attack surface, especially for devices with exposed WAN interfaces or insufficient network segmentation. The lack of patches at the time of disclosure further elevates risk, necessitating immediate compensating controls to protect affected assets.

1. Immediately identify and inventory all Tenda WH450 devices running firmware version 1.0.0.18 within the network. 2. Restrict access to device management interfaces by implementing network segmentation and firewall rules to block unauthorized inbound traffic, especially on WAN interfaces. 3. Disable or restrict PPTP client functionality if not required, as the vulnerability is tied to this feature. 4. Monitor network traffic for suspicious requests targeting /goform/PPTPDClient and implement intrusion detection/prevention signatures to detect exploitation attempts. 5. Engage with Tenda support channels to obtain firmware updates or patches as soon as they become available and plan prompt deployment. 6. Employ network-level mitigations such as web application firewalls (WAFs) or reverse proxies to filter malicious HTTP requests to vulnerable endpoints. 7. Conduct regular vulnerability scanning and penetration testing to verify the absence of exploitable devices. 8. Educate network administrators about the risks and signs of exploitation to enable rapid incident response.