CVE-2025-15049 is a SQL injection vulnerability identified in the Online Farm System version 1.0 developed by code-projects. The vulnerability exists in the /addProduct.php endpoint, where the 'Username' parameter is not properly sanitized or validated before being used in SQL queries. This allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to inject malicious SQL commands, potentially manipulating the database. The vulnerability does not require any privileges or user interaction, making it easier to exploit remotely. The CVSS 4.0 score of 6.9 reflects a medium severity, indicating a significant but not critical risk. The impact includes unauthorized data disclosure, data modification, or deletion, and potential disruption of service. No patches or fixes are currently listed, and while no active exploitation has been reported, a public exploit is available, increasing the risk of exploitation. The vulnerability affects only version 1.0 of the product, limiting its scope to organizations still running this outdated version. The lack of authentication and user interaction requirements combined with remote exploitability makes this a notable threat to affected systems.

For European organizations using the Online Farm System 1.0, this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive agricultural data, including product inventories, user information, and operational details. Attackers could manipulate or delete data, causing operational disruptions and financial losses. Confidentiality breaches could expose proprietary farming methods or customer data, potentially violating GDPR regulations and resulting in legal penalties. Integrity compromises could lead to incorrect product listings or orders, damaging business reputation and trust. Availability impacts might disrupt farm management operations, affecting supply chains and productivity. Given the agricultural sector's increasing reliance on digital tools, such disruptions could have cascading effects on food production and distribution. The presence of a public exploit increases the likelihood of opportunistic attacks, especially against smaller or less-secure farms that may not have robust cybersecurity measures.

Organizations should immediately audit their use of the Online Farm System to identify installations of version 1.0. Since no official patch is currently available, implement the following mitigations: 1) Apply input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied data, especially the 'Username' parameter in /addProduct.php, using allowlists and escaping techniques. 2) Refactor database queries to use parameterized statements or prepared queries to prevent injection. 3) Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with SQL injection detection rules to block malicious requests targeting this endpoint. 4) Monitor database logs and application logs for unusual query patterns or errors indicative of injection attempts. 5) Restrict network access to the application backend where possible, limiting exposure to trusted IPs. 6) Plan for an upgrade to a patched or newer version of the software once available. 7) Conduct security awareness training for IT staff to recognize and respond to exploitation attempts. 8) Regularly back up databases to enable recovery in case of data tampering or loss.