CVE-2025-15065 is a vulnerability identified in Kings Information & Network Co.'s KESS Enterprise software running on Windows platforms, affecting versions prior to *.25.9.19.exe. The core issue involves the exposure of sensitive information to unauthorized actors due to missing encryption of sensitive data and improperly secured files or directories accessible externally. This vulnerability is categorized under CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information), CWE-311 (Missing Encryption of Sensitive Data), and CWE-552 (Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties). The flaw allows an attacker with low-level privileges local access to escalate privileges, modify existing services, and alter shared files, thereby compromising system integrity and availability. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates that exploitation requires local access (AV:L), has high attack complexity (AC:H), requires privileges (PR:L), but no user interaction (UI:N). The vulnerability impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability at a high level with scope change (S:CH), meaning the attacker can affect resources beyond their initial access. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the vulnerability's characteristics suggest it could be leveraged for significant internal compromise if an attacker gains initial foothold. The lack of encryption and accessible sensitive files increase the risk of data leakage and unauthorized modifications. The vulnerability is particularly critical in environments where KESS Enterprise manages sensitive or critical operational data. No official patches are currently linked, indicating the need for immediate attention from affected organizations to monitor vendor updates and apply mitigations.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-15065 can be substantial. The exposure of sensitive information can lead to data breaches involving personal data, intellectual property, or critical operational information, potentially violating GDPR and other data protection regulations. Privilege escalation and service modification capabilities enable attackers to disrupt business operations, manipulate data, or establish persistent footholds within networks. This can affect availability of services, leading to operational downtime and financial losses. Organizations in sectors such as manufacturing, energy, and critical infrastructure that rely on KESS Enterprise for network and information management are at heightened risk. The vulnerability could facilitate lateral movement within networks, increasing the scope of compromise. Additionally, the absence of encryption for sensitive data raises the risk of interception or unauthorized access, undermining confidentiality and trust. The high attack complexity and requirement for local access somewhat limit remote exploitation but do not eliminate insider threats or attacks leveraging initial access vectors such as phishing or compromised credentials. Overall, the vulnerability poses a serious threat to confidentiality, integrity, and availability of affected systems within European enterprises.

1. Immediate implementation of strict access controls and network segmentation to limit local access to systems running KESS Enterprise. 2. Monitor and audit file and directory permissions to ensure sensitive data is not accessible to unauthorized users or external parties. 3. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to detect unusual privilege escalation attempts or service modifications. 4. Enforce the principle of least privilege for all user accounts and services interacting with KESS Enterprise. 5. Encrypt sensitive data at rest and in transit using strong cryptographic protocols, compensating for the missing encryption in the vulnerable software version. 6. Regularly review and update local security policies to prevent unauthorized file sharing or service changes. 7. Stay informed on vendor advisories and apply patches or updates as soon as they become available. 8. Conduct internal penetration testing and vulnerability assessments focusing on privilege escalation and file access controls within KESS Enterprise environments. 9. Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) for access to systems hosting KESS Enterprise to reduce risk of credential compromise. 10. Develop and rehearse incident response plans specifically addressing insider threats and local privilege escalation scenarios.