CVE-2025-15107 identifies a security vulnerability in the actiontech sqle product, specifically in versions up to 4.2511.0. The vulnerability resides in the JWT Secret Handler component, within the file sqle/utils/jwt.go, where a hard-coded cryptographic key (JWTSecretKey) is used. Hard-coded keys are a critical security flaw because they are static, predictable, and cannot be changed easily, which undermines the cryptographic strength of JWT tokens used for authentication or authorization. An attacker who can remotely interact with the system may exploit this flaw to decrypt, forge, or manipulate JWT tokens, potentially bypassing security controls or gaining unauthorized access. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), does not require privileges (PR:N), authentication (AT:N), or user interaction (UI:N), but the attack complexity is high (AC:H), indicating that exploitation requires significant effort or specific conditions. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality (VC:L) but not integrity or availability. The vendor was notified early and is preparing a patch, but no official fix is yet available. No known exploits have been observed in the wild, but public disclosure increases the risk of exploitation attempts. This vulnerability highlights the risks of embedding static cryptographic secrets in code, which is a poor security practice that can lead to token compromise and unauthorized access.

For European organizations, the use of actiontech sqle version 4.2511.0 with this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access if attackers manage to exploit the hard-coded JWT secret key. This could compromise sensitive data protected by JWT tokens, including user identities and session information, potentially leading to data breaches or privilege escalation. The medium severity rating reflects that while exploitation is difficult, the impact on confidentiality is significant. Organizations in sectors with strict data protection requirements, such as finance, healthcare, and government, may face regulatory and reputational risks if this vulnerability is exploited. Additionally, since the attack can be performed remotely without authentication, exposed sqle instances accessible over the network are at higher risk. The lack of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate threat but does not eliminate future risk, especially after public disclosure. European entities relying on JWT for authentication in sqle should consider this vulnerability a priority for remediation planning.

Immediate mitigation should focus on reducing exposure of vulnerable sqle instances by restricting network access to trusted sources only, using firewalls or network segmentation. Organizations should monitor logs for suspicious JWT token activity or anomalies indicating token forgery attempts. Since no patch is currently available, consider implementing compensating controls such as rotating JWT secrets through configuration if possible, or deploying additional authentication layers to reduce reliance on JWT tokens alone. Review and audit application code and deployment configurations to ensure no other hard-coded secrets exist. Once the vendor releases a patch, prioritize timely application of the update. Additionally, educate development teams on secure key management practices to avoid embedding static secrets in code. Employ runtime application self-protection (RASP) or web application firewalls (WAF) to detect and block exploitation attempts targeting JWT handling. Finally, conduct penetration testing focused on JWT token security to identify potential exploitation paths.