CVE-2025-15120 is a security vulnerability identified in JeecgBoot, an open-source rapid development platform, affecting all versions up to 3.9.0. The vulnerability exists in the getDeptRoleList function located at /sys/sysDepartRole/getDeptRoleList, where improper authorization occurs due to insufficient validation of the departId parameter. This flaw allows an attacker to remotely manipulate the departId argument to access department role lists without proper permissions. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires a high attack complexity (AC:H), and does not require user interaction (UI:N). However, it requires the attacker to have low privileges (PR:L), meaning some level of authenticated access or limited system access is needed. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality slightly (VC:L) but does not affect integrity or availability. The vendor was notified early but has not issued any patches or responses, leaving the vulnerability unmitigated. Although an exploit is publicly available, exploitation is difficult due to the complexity and privilege requirements. No known active exploitation campaigns have been reported. The vulnerability's CVSS 4.0 score is 2.3, categorizing it as low severity. The flaw could potentially allow unauthorized disclosure of departmental role information, which might aid attackers in further reconnaissance or privilege escalation attempts within affected environments.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-15120 is primarily related to unauthorized disclosure of internal role and department information, which could facilitate lateral movement or privilege escalation in complex attack scenarios. While the direct impact on confidentiality is limited, the exposure of role lists can provide attackers with valuable intelligence about organizational structure and access controls. This may be particularly sensitive for sectors with strict data protection requirements such as finance, healthcare, and government. The difficulty of exploitation and the need for low-level privileges reduce the immediate risk, but the lack of vendor response and patches increases the window of exposure. Organizations relying on JeecgBoot for internal role management or departmental access control should consider this vulnerability a potential risk vector that could be leveraged in multi-stage attacks. The absence of known active exploitation reduces urgency but does not eliminate the threat, especially in targeted attacks against critical infrastructure or sensitive data environments.

Given the absence of official patches, European organizations should implement compensating controls to mitigate CVE-2025-15120. First, conduct a thorough audit of access controls and permissions related to the getDeptRoleList API and restrict access to trusted users only. Implement network segmentation to isolate systems running JeecgBoot from untrusted networks and limit exposure of the vulnerable endpoint. Employ strict input validation and parameter filtering at the application or web application firewall (WAF) level to detect and block anomalous departId manipulations. Monitor logs for unusual access patterns or repeated failed authorization attempts targeting the /sys/sysDepartRole/getDeptRoleList endpoint. If feasible, disable or restrict the use of the affected function until a vendor patch or official fix is available. Educate internal teams about the vulnerability and encourage vigilance for suspicious activity. Finally, maintain an incident response plan that includes this vulnerability as a potential attack vector, ensuring rapid containment if exploitation is detected.