CVE-2025-15125 is a security vulnerability identified in JeecgBoot, an open-source rapid development platform widely used for enterprise applications. The flaw exists in the queryDepartPermission function located at /sys/permission/queryDepartPermission, where improper authorization occurs due to insufficient validation of the departId parameter. This allows an attacker with low privileges to remotely manipulate the departId argument and potentially access or query department permissions they are not authorized to view. The attack complexity is high, meaning exploitation requires significant effort or knowledge, and no user interaction is needed. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 2.3, reflecting a low severity primarily because the impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is limited, and the vulnerability does not allow privilege escalation or code execution. The vendor has not issued any patches or advisories despite early notification, and a public exploit has been released, increasing the risk of opportunistic attacks. The vulnerability affects all JeecgBoot versions from 3.0 through 3.9.0, which are commonly deployed in enterprise environments for permission and role management. Without proper mitigation, unauthorized users could gain access to sensitive permission data, potentially leading to information disclosure or aiding further attacks.

For European organizations, the improper authorization vulnerability could lead to unauthorized disclosure of internal permission structures and department-level access controls. While the direct impact on confidentiality and integrity is limited, exposure of permission data can facilitate lateral movement or privilege escalation attempts by attackers. Organizations relying on JeecgBoot for critical business applications or sensitive data management may face increased risk of insider threat exploitation or external reconnaissance. The lack of vendor response and patch availability prolongs exposure, especially for enterprises with complex permission hierarchies. However, the high complexity of exploitation and low CVSS score suggest that widespread impact is unlikely without targeted, skilled attackers. Still, sectors with stringent data protection requirements, such as finance, healthcare, and government, should consider this vulnerability a potential risk to compliance and operational security.

Until an official patch is released, European organizations should implement strict input validation on the departId parameter at the application or API gateway level to prevent unauthorized manipulation. Enhancing access control mechanisms to enforce role-based checks server-side can reduce the risk of bypass. Network segmentation and firewall rules should limit access to the affected API endpoint to trusted users and systems only. Monitoring and logging access to /sys/permission/queryDepartPermission can help detect anomalous or unauthorized queries. Organizations should also consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to block suspicious parameter tampering. Regular security audits and penetration testing focused on authorization logic are recommended to identify similar weaknesses. Finally, organizations should engage with the JeecgBoot community or consider alternative frameworks if vendor support remains absent.