CVE-2025-15139 is a command injection vulnerability identified in the TRENDnet TEW-822DRE wireless router firmware versions 1.00B21 and 1.01B06. The vulnerability resides in the function sub_43ACF4 within the /boafrm/formWsc endpoint, which processes the peerPin parameter. An attacker can craft a specially formed request that manipulates this argument, leading to arbitrary command execution on the underlying operating system of the router. This flaw is exploitable remotely without requiring authentication or user interaction, enabling attackers to gain control over the device. The vulnerability was responsibly disclosed to TRENDnet, but the vendor has not issued any patches or advisories. Public exploit code has been disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:L), no user interaction (UI:N), and low impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (VC:L, VI:L, VA:L). The router’s compromised state could allow attackers to intercept or manipulate network traffic, pivot to internal networks, or disrupt services. The lack of vendor response and patch availability heightens the urgency for affected users to implement compensating controls.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability can be significant, especially for those relying on TRENDnet TEW-822DRE routers in their network infrastructure. Successful exploitation can lead to full device compromise, enabling attackers to intercept sensitive communications, alter network configurations, or launch further attacks within the internal network. This could result in data breaches, service outages, and loss of trust. Given that the vulnerability requires no authentication and can be exploited remotely, attackers could leverage it to establish persistent footholds or disrupt critical operations. Small and medium enterprises, as well as public sector entities using these routers, may be particularly vulnerable due to limited security resources. The absence of vendor patches means that the risk remains unmitigated at the device firmware level, increasing exposure. Additionally, compromised routers could be used as part of botnets or for launching attacks on other targets, amplifying the threat landscape in Europe.

Since no official patches or firmware updates have been released by TRENDnet, European organizations should implement the following specific mitigations: 1) Immediately isolate affected TEW-822DRE devices from untrusted networks, especially the internet, to prevent remote exploitation. 2) Disable WPS functionality if possible, as the vulnerability is related to the WPS peerPin parameter. 3) Employ network segmentation to limit the router’s access to critical systems and sensitive data. 4) Monitor network traffic for unusual or suspicious requests targeting the /boafrm/formWsc endpoint or abnormal command execution patterns. 5) Replace vulnerable devices with updated models or alternative vendors that provide timely security patches. 6) Use intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with signatures or heuristics to detect exploitation attempts. 7) Educate IT staff about this vulnerability and ensure incident response plans include steps for compromised network devices. 8) Regularly audit and update network device inventories to identify and track vulnerable hardware. These measures go beyond generic advice by focusing on the specific vulnerable component and operational controls to reduce exposure until a patch is available or devices are replaced.