CVE-2025-15215 identifies a buffer overflow vulnerability in the Tenda AC10U router firmware versions 15.03.06.48 and 15.03.06.49. The vulnerability resides in the function formSetPPTPUserList within the HTTP POST request handler component, specifically at the /goform/setPptpUserList endpoint. This function improperly handles the argument list passed in the POST request, leading to a buffer overflow condition. Because the vulnerability is remotely exploitable without authentication or user interaction, an attacker can send crafted HTTP POST requests to the router's management interface to trigger the overflow. The consequences of exploitation can include arbitrary code execution with elevated privileges, potentially allowing attackers to take full control of the device, intercept or manipulate network traffic, or cause denial of service by crashing the device. The CVSS 4.0 base score of 8.7 reflects the high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, combined with low attack complexity and no required privileges or user interaction. Although no known exploits are currently active in the wild, the public disclosure of the vulnerability increases the likelihood of future exploitation. The lack of available patches at the time of disclosure necessitates immediate risk mitigation through network segmentation and access controls. Given the widespread use of Tenda AC10U routers in consumer and small business environments, this vulnerability poses a significant threat vector for attackers targeting network infrastructure.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-15215 can be substantial. The Tenda AC10U router is commonly deployed in small to medium enterprises and home office settings, which often have less rigorous security controls. Exploitation could lead to full compromise of the router, enabling attackers to intercept sensitive communications, pivot into internal networks, or disrupt business operations through denial of service. Critical sectors such as finance, healthcare, and government entities relying on these devices for VPN or remote access could face data breaches or operational outages. The vulnerability's remote and unauthenticated nature increases the attack surface, especially if management interfaces are exposed to the internet or poorly segmented. Additionally, supply chain risks arise if these devices are integrated into larger network infrastructures without adequate monitoring. The absence of immediate patches means organizations must rely on compensating controls, increasing operational complexity and risk exposure. Overall, this vulnerability threatens confidentiality, integrity, and availability of network services across affected European organizations.

1. Immediately restrict access to the router's management interface by implementing network segmentation and firewall rules to allow only trusted IP addresses. 2. Disable remote management features on the Tenda AC10U devices if not strictly necessary. 3. Monitor network traffic for unusual POST requests targeting /goform/setPptpUserList or other suspicious activity indicative of exploitation attempts. 4. Apply any available firmware updates from Tenda as soon as they are released to address this vulnerability. 5. If firmware updates are not yet available, consider temporary device replacement or deployment of additional security layers such as intrusion prevention systems (IPS) that can detect and block exploit attempts. 6. Educate IT staff and users about the risks of exposing router management interfaces to the internet and enforce strong password policies. 7. Conduct regular vulnerability assessments and penetration testing focusing on network infrastructure devices to identify and remediate similar risks proactively.