CVE-2025-15315 is a vulnerability identified in the Tanium Module Server, a component of the Tanium endpoint management and security platform widely used in enterprise environments. The root cause is improper neutralization of argument delimiters in command inputs, which leads to argument injection. This flaw allows an attacker with local access and high privileges to escalate their privileges further by injecting malicious arguments into commands processed by the module server. The vulnerability affects multiple versions of the Tanium Module Server, specifically 7.4.6.0, 7.5.6.0, 7.6.2.0, and 7.6.4.0. The attack vector is local, requiring the attacker to have already obtained elevated privileges (PR:H), but no user interaction is needed (UI:N). The vulnerability impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability severely (all rated high), meaning an attacker could potentially execute arbitrary commands with elevated privileges, manipulate sensitive data, or disrupt system operations. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the presence of this vulnerability in critical endpoint management infrastructure poses a significant risk. Tanium has released patches to remediate this issue, and organizations are urged to apply these updates promptly to mitigate risk. The CVSS v3.1 score of 6.7 reflects the medium severity, balancing the high impact with the requirement for local privileged access.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-15315 can be substantial, especially for those relying on Tanium for endpoint management, security monitoring, and incident response. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to escalate privileges locally, potentially leading to full system compromise, unauthorized access to sensitive data, and disruption of critical security operations. This could undermine the integrity of security monitoring and response efforts, increasing the risk of undetected breaches or lateral movement within networks. Organizations in sectors such as finance, healthcare, government, and critical infrastructure are particularly vulnerable due to the sensitive nature of their data and the criticality of their operations. The requirement for local privileged access limits the attack surface but does not eliminate risk, as insider threats or attackers who have already gained initial footholds could leverage this vulnerability to deepen their access. Additionally, the lack of known exploits in the wild currently provides a window for proactive mitigation before widespread exploitation occurs.

European organizations should implement the following specific mitigation steps: 1) Immediately identify and inventory all Tanium Module Server instances running affected versions (7.4.6.0, 7.5.6.0, 7.6.2.0, 7.6.4.0). 2) Apply the official patches provided by Tanium as soon as possible to remediate the vulnerability. 3) Restrict local access to Tanium Module Server hosts to trusted administrators only, employing strict access controls and monitoring. 4) Implement robust endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to detect anomalous local privilege escalation attempts. 5) Conduct regular audits of user privileges and remove unnecessary elevated rights to minimize the risk of privilege abuse. 6) Employ application whitelisting and command-line argument monitoring to detect and block suspicious command injections. 7) Maintain comprehensive logging and alerting on Tanium Module Server activities to enable rapid detection of exploitation attempts. 8) Educate system administrators on the risks of local privilege escalation and the importance of patch management. These measures, combined with timely patching, will significantly reduce the risk posed by this vulnerability.