CVE-2025-15339 is a vulnerability identified in Tanium Discover version 4.10.0, where incorrect default permissions are assigned within the product. Tanium Discover is a tool used for endpoint discovery and asset management, often deployed in enterprise environments to provide visibility into networked devices. The vulnerability arises because the default configuration grants excessive permissions to certain users or roles, allowing them to access or modify sensitive data beyond their intended scope. According to the CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N), the attack can be performed remotely over the network with low attack complexity, but requires the attacker to have high privileges already on the system. No user interaction is needed, and the scope remains unchanged, meaning the impact is confined to the vulnerable component. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality and integrity significantly, as unauthorized users with elevated privileges can read or alter sensitive information. Availability is not affected. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the presence of incorrect default permissions represents a risk if an attacker gains high-level access through other means. Tanium has addressed this issue, but no direct patch links are provided in the data. Organizations running version 4.10.0 should verify their configurations and apply updates or mitigations promptly to prevent potential abuse.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a moderate risk primarily to confidentiality and integrity of sensitive data managed by Tanium Discover. Enterprises relying on Tanium for asset management and endpoint visibility could face unauthorized data exposure or manipulation if an attacker with high privileges exploits the incorrect permissions. This could lead to data breaches, compliance violations (e.g., GDPR), and operational disruptions in asset tracking. Since availability is not impacted, service continuity is less of a concern. However, the requirement for high privileges means that the vulnerability is more likely to be exploited as part of a multi-stage attack where initial access has already been obtained. Organizations in critical sectors such as finance, energy, healthcare, and government are particularly at risk due to the sensitive nature of the data managed by Tanium Discover. The lack of known exploits reduces immediate threat but does not eliminate the risk, especially as attackers often target misconfigurations to escalate privileges or move laterally within networks.

European organizations should take the following specific actions: 1) Immediately audit Tanium Discover 4.10.0 deployments to identify and review default permission settings, ensuring that only necessary privileges are granted to users and roles. 2) Apply any available patches or updates from Tanium addressing this vulnerability as soon as they are released. 3) Implement strict access controls and role-based access management to limit high privilege accounts and monitor their usage closely. 4) Use network segmentation to restrict access to Tanium Discover components to trusted administrators and systems only. 5) Enable detailed logging and monitoring of Tanium Discover activities to detect unauthorized access or changes promptly. 6) Conduct regular security assessments and penetration tests focusing on privilege escalation and permission misconfigurations. 7) Educate administrators about the risks of default permissions and enforce configuration hardening best practices. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on permission audits, access control tightening, and proactive monitoring tailored to Tanium Discover environments.