CVE-2025-15411 identifies a memory corruption vulnerability in the WebAssembly Binary Toolkit (wabt), specifically in the function wabt::AST::InsertNode located in the wasm-decompile component. This vulnerability affects all versions from 1.0.0 through 1.0.39. The flaw arises due to improper handling of node insertion in the abstract syntax tree, leading to memory corruption. An attacker with local access and low privileges can exploit this vulnerability without requiring user interaction, potentially causing application crashes or enabling arbitrary code execution. The vulnerability has a CVSS 4.8 (medium) score, reflecting its moderate impact and exploitation complexity. Notably, the wabt project currently lacks an active maintainer, and no official patches have been released. The exploit code has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation. Since wabt is commonly used in WebAssembly development, analysis, and tooling environments, this vulnerability could affect developers and automated systems that process WebAssembly binaries. The lack of patch availability necessitates that organizations consider alternative mitigations or community-driven fixes. The vulnerability is local only, limiting remote exploitation but still posing a risk in multi-user or shared development environments.

For European organizations, the impact centers on development environments, CI/CD pipelines, and tooling that incorporate wabt for WebAssembly processing. Memory corruption could lead to denial of service via crashes or potentially allow privilege escalation or code execution if combined with other vulnerabilities. Organizations using wabt in shared or multi-user systems face increased risk of insider threats or lateral movement. The absence of an official patch and the availability of public exploits raise the likelihood of targeted attacks, especially in sectors heavily invested in WebAssembly technology such as software development firms, cloud service providers, and research institutions. Disruption to development workflows or compromise of build systems could have downstream effects on software supply chains. Given the local attack vector, the threat is mitigated somewhat by requiring local access, but insider threats or compromised developer machines remain a concern. The medium severity rating suggests moderate urgency but warrants proactive risk management.

Since no official patch is available due to the lack of active maintainers, European organizations should consider the following mitigations: 1) Restrict local access to systems running wabt, enforcing strict user permissions and isolating build environments. 2) Employ containerization or sandboxing for WebAssembly tooling to limit the impact of potential memory corruption. 3) Monitor and audit developer and CI/CD environments for unusual activity or crashes related to wasm-decompile usage. 4) Evaluate the feasibility of applying community patches or contributing fixes upstream to address the vulnerability. 5) Consider replacing wabt with alternative, actively maintained WebAssembly toolkits where possible. 6) Implement endpoint protection and memory corruption detection tools to identify exploitation attempts. 7) Educate developers and system administrators about the vulnerability and the importance of limiting local access. These targeted actions go beyond generic advice by focusing on access control, environment isolation, and proactive monitoring tailored to the nature of this local memory corruption flaw.