CVE-2025-15421 is a SQL injection vulnerability identified in Yonyou KSOA version 9.0, specifically in the HTTP GET parameter handler of the /worksheet/agent_worksadd.jsp file. The vulnerability results from insufficient input validation and sanitization of the 'ID' parameter, which allows an attacker to inject malicious SQL statements remotely without requiring authentication or user interaction. Exploitation can lead to unauthorized access to the backend database, enabling attackers to read, modify, or delete sensitive data, potentially compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system. The vulnerability has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 6.9, reflecting a medium severity level, with attack vector network (remote), low attack complexity, and no privileges or user interaction needed. The vendor, Yonyou, has not responded to disclosure requests, and no official patch is available, but public exploit code has been released, increasing the risk of exploitation by threat actors. This vulnerability is particularly concerning for organizations relying on Yonyou KSOA 9.0 for enterprise resource planning or workflow management, as it could lead to significant data breaches or operational disruptions.

For European organizations, the exploitation of CVE-2025-15421 could result in unauthorized disclosure of sensitive business data, manipulation of critical records, and potential disruption of business processes managed through Yonyou KSOA. This could lead to financial losses, reputational damage, and regulatory non-compliance, especially under GDPR requirements for data protection. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the attack increases the likelihood of exploitation, particularly in environments where the application is exposed to the internet or insufficiently segmented networks. The lack of vendor response and patch availability exacerbates the risk, forcing organizations to rely on compensating controls. Industries such as manufacturing, finance, and public sector entities using Yonyou products in Europe may face heightened risks. Additionally, the presence of public exploit code lowers the barrier for attackers, including cybercriminals and state-sponsored actors, to leverage this vulnerability for espionage or sabotage.

Given the absence of an official patch, European organizations should implement immediate compensating controls. These include deploying web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the 'ID' parameter in /worksheet/agent_worksadd.jsp. Network segmentation should be enforced to limit access to the affected application from untrusted networks. Conduct thorough input validation and sanitization at the application level if source code access and modification are possible. Monitor logs and database queries for anomalous activity indicative of SQL injection attempts. Restrict HTTP GET access to the vulnerable endpoint to trusted IP addresses where feasible. Organizations should also engage with Yonyou for updates and consider alternative software solutions if remediation is delayed. Regular security assessments and penetration testing focusing on this vulnerability can help identify exploitation attempts early. Finally, ensure backups are current and tested to enable recovery in case of data compromise.