CVE-2025-15460 is a buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the UTT 进取 520W router firmware version 1.7.7-180627. The vulnerability arises from improper handling of the EncryptionMode argument in the strcpy function located in the /goform/formPptpClientConfig endpoint. strcpy is a C standard library function that copies strings without bounds checking, making it prone to buffer overflow if input is not properly validated. By sending a specially crafted request to this endpoint with a manipulated EncryptionMode parameter, an attacker can overflow the buffer, potentially overwriting adjacent memory. This can lead to arbitrary code execution on the device. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without requiring authentication or user interaction, increasing its threat level. The CVSS v4.0 score is 8.7 (high), reflecting the ease of exploitation (network vector, low complexity), no privileges or user interaction required, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Despite early vendor notification, no patch or mitigation has been released, and a public exploit is available, increasing the risk of active exploitation. The affected product is a router commonly used in certain markets, and the vulnerability could be leveraged to compromise network infrastructure, intercept or manipulate traffic, or disrupt services.

For European organizations, exploitation of CVE-2025-15460 could lead to complete compromise of affected routers, resulting in unauthorized access to internal networks, interception of sensitive communications, and potential lateral movement to other systems. The integrity of network traffic could be undermined, enabling data manipulation or injection of malicious payloads. Availability may also be impacted if attackers disrupt router functionality or launch denial-of-service conditions. Organizations relying on UTT 进取 520W devices for VPN or PPTP client configurations are particularly vulnerable. Critical infrastructure, government agencies, and enterprises using these routers could face espionage, data breaches, or operational disruptions. The lack of vendor response and patches exacerbates the risk, requiring organizations to implement compensating controls. The public availability of exploits increases the likelihood of opportunistic attacks targeting European networks.

Given the absence of vendor patches, European organizations should implement network-level mitigations such as isolating affected devices behind firewalls and restricting access to the /goform/formPptpClientConfig endpoint. Deploy intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with signatures targeting this exploit to detect and block malicious payloads. Disable or restrict PPTP client configuration features if not required. Regularly monitor network traffic for anomalous requests to the vulnerable endpoint. Where possible, replace or upgrade affected devices to models without this vulnerability. Employ network segmentation to limit the impact of compromised routers. Maintain comprehensive logging and alerting to rapidly identify exploitation attempts. Engage with vendors or third-party security providers for potential unofficial patches or workarounds. Educate IT staff about this vulnerability and the importance of rapid incident response.