CVE-2025-1862 is a vulnerability identified in WSO2 Enterprise Integrator version 6.6.0, classified under CWE-434, which pertains to the unrestricted upload of files with dangerous types. The vulnerability arises from improper validation of user-supplied filenames in the BPEL uploader SOAP service endpoint. Specifically, an attacker with administrative privileges can exploit this flaw to upload arbitrary files to a location on the server that they control. This capability enables the attacker to upload specially crafted payloads that can lead to remote code execution (RCE). Successful exploitation could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the affected server, potentially compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system and its data. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 6.7 (medium severity), reflecting that the attack vector is network-based, requires low attack complexity, but demands high privileges (administrative access) and does not require user interaction. The impact on confidentiality and integrity is high, while availability impact is low. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet, indicating that organizations using this product should prioritize mitigation efforts to prevent exploitation.

For European organizations utilizing WSO2 Enterprise Integrator 6.6.0, this vulnerability poses a significant risk, especially in environments where administrative access to the BPEL uploader SOAP service endpoint is accessible over the network. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized remote code execution, allowing attackers to manipulate sensitive integration workflows, exfiltrate confidential data, or disrupt business-critical processes. Given that WSO2 Enterprise Integrator is often used in enterprise middleware and integration scenarios, a successful attack could compromise interconnected systems and data flows across multiple departments or partner organizations. This could result in regulatory compliance violations under GDPR due to data breaches, financial losses, reputational damage, and operational disruptions. The requirement for administrative privileges limits the attack surface somewhat, but insider threats or compromised credentials could facilitate exploitation. The absence of known exploits in the wild provides a window for proactive defense, but organizations should not delay remediation given the potential severity of impact.

1. Restrict administrative access to the BPEL uploader SOAP service endpoint by implementing strict network segmentation and access controls, ensuring only trusted administrators can reach this service. 2. Employ multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all administrative accounts to reduce the risk of credential compromise. 3. Monitor and audit all file upload activities and administrative actions on the WSO2 Enterprise Integrator to detect anomalous behavior indicative of exploitation attempts. 4. Implement application-layer filtering or web application firewalls (WAFs) to detect and block suspicious payloads or file uploads targeting the SOAP endpoint. 5. Regularly update and patch WSO2 products once official fixes are released; in the meantime, consider temporary workarounds such as disabling the vulnerable BPEL uploader service if feasible. 6. Conduct internal security awareness training emphasizing the risks of credential compromise and the importance of safeguarding administrative privileges. 7. Review and harden server file system permissions to limit the locations where uploaded files can be written and executed, reducing the impact of any successful upload.