CVE-2025-21055 is a vulnerability classified under CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read) found in Samsung Mobile devices, specifically in the libimagecodec.quram.so library. This library is responsible for image decoding functions on affected devices. The vulnerability allows remote attackers to cause out-of-bounds memory reads and writes by processing specially crafted image files. This can lead to unauthorized access to memory regions beyond the intended buffer boundaries, potentially exposing sensitive information stored in memory. The vulnerability is exploitable remotely without requiring any privileges (AV:N/PR:N), but it does require user interaction (UI:R), such as opening or previewing a malicious image. The scope of the vulnerability is unchanged (S:U), meaning the impact is limited to the vulnerable component and does not affect other system components. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 4.3, indicating a medium severity level primarily due to confidentiality impact without affecting integrity or availability. The flaw exists in Samsung Mobile devices prior to the October 2025 security maintenance release (SMR Oct-2025 Release 1), and no public exploits have been reported yet. The absence of patch links suggests that the fix is either newly released or forthcoming. The vulnerability highlights the risks associated with image processing libraries, which are common attack vectors due to their complexity and frequent exposure to untrusted content.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-21055 is the potential exposure of sensitive information residing in device memory, which could include personal data, credentials, or other confidential information. While the vulnerability does not allow direct code execution or system compromise, information disclosure can facilitate further targeted attacks or social engineering campaigns. Organizations relying heavily on Samsung mobile devices for communication, remote work, or sensitive operations may face increased risk if users open malicious images. The lack of integrity or availability impact reduces the risk of service disruption but does not eliminate the threat to data confidentiality. Given the widespread use of Samsung devices in Europe, especially in business and government sectors, this vulnerability could be leveraged in espionage or data theft campaigns. The requirement for user interaction limits mass exploitation but does not prevent targeted attacks against high-value individuals or entities. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently lowers immediate risk but does not preclude future exploitation once details become public.

1. Apply the SMR Oct-2025 Release 1 security update from Samsung as soon as it becomes available to ensure the vulnerability is patched. 2. Implement mobile device management (MDM) policies to restrict the opening or previewing of images from untrusted or unknown sources, especially in corporate environments. 3. Educate users on the risks of opening unsolicited or suspicious image files received via email, messaging apps, or other channels. 4. Employ endpoint protection solutions capable of scanning and blocking malicious image files before they reach user devices. 5. Monitor network traffic for unusual activity related to image file transfers or decoding processes. 6. For high-security environments, consider disabling automatic image previews in messaging and email applications to reduce the risk of inadvertent exploitation. 7. Maintain an inventory of Samsung mobile devices in use and prioritize patch deployment accordingly. 8. Collaborate with Samsung support channels to receive timely updates and advisories related to this vulnerability.