CVE-2025-21060 addresses a vulnerability classified under CWE-312, which involves the cleartext storage of sensitive information within Samsung Mobile's Smart Switch application prior to version 3.7.67.2. Smart Switch is widely used for backing up and transferring data between Samsung mobile devices and PCs. The vulnerability arises because backup data from applications is stored locally in an unencrypted form, allowing any local attacker with access to the device's file system to retrieve sensitive information without requiring elevated privileges. Exploitation requires user interaction, such as triggering the backup or restore process, but no authentication or administrative rights are necessary. The CVSS v3.1 score of 5.5 reflects a medium severity, primarily due to the confidentiality impact, while integrity and availability remain unaffected. The attack vector is local, meaning remote exploitation is not feasible. Although no known exploits have been reported in the wild, the vulnerability poses a risk in environments where devices are shared, lost, or physically accessed by unauthorized personnel. The lack of encryption for sensitive backup data increases the risk of data leakage, potentially exposing personal or corporate information stored within applications. The vulnerability highlights the importance of secure data handling practices in mobile backup solutions.

For European organizations, the primary impact is the potential exposure of sensitive application data stored in device backups, which can include personal information, corporate credentials, or proprietary data. This confidentiality breach could lead to privacy violations, regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR), and reputational damage. Since the vulnerability requires local access and user interaction, the risk is elevated in scenarios involving shared devices, lost or stolen devices, or insider threats. The absence of integrity and availability impacts limits the scope to data confidentiality only. However, given the widespread use of Samsung devices in Europe, especially in sectors like finance, healthcare, and government, the exposure of sensitive backup data could facilitate further attacks or data exfiltration. Organizations relying on Smart Switch for device management should consider this vulnerability in their risk assessments and data protection strategies.

To mitigate CVE-2025-21060, organizations should immediately update Samsung Smart Switch to version 3.7.67.2 or later, where the vulnerability is addressed. Restrict physical and local access to devices, especially in shared or public environments, to prevent unauthorized users from exploiting the vulnerability. Implement device encryption and strong access controls to protect stored data. Educate users about the risks of interacting with untrusted prompts or backup operations initiated by unknown parties. Regularly audit backup storage locations on devices for unencrypted sensitive data and remove or secure such files. Consider deploying mobile device management (MDM) solutions that enforce security policies and monitor device integrity. Additionally, organizations should review their data retention and backup policies to minimize sensitive data exposure on local devices.