CVE-2025-21069 is an out-of-bounds read vulnerability classified under CWE-125 found in Samsung Notes, a note-taking application on Samsung mobile devices. The flaw exists in the image data parsing component of the application prior to version 4.4.30.63. Specifically, when processing image data embedded within notes, the application fails to properly validate the bounds of memory access, allowing a local attacker to read memory outside the allocated buffer. This can lead to the exposure of sensitive data residing in adjacent memory regions or cause application instability. The vulnerability requires local access to the device but does not require any privileges or user interaction, making it easier for an attacker with physical or local access to exploit. The CVSS v3.1 score is 4.0, reflecting a medium severity primarily due to the local attack vector and limited impact on confidentiality and availability. No known exploits have been reported in the wild, and no official patches have been linked yet, though it is expected that Samsung will release an update to address this issue. The vulnerability highlights the importance of secure memory handling in mobile applications, especially those processing complex data formats like images.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-21069 is moderate but should not be overlooked. Organizations with employees using Samsung mobile devices and Samsung Notes for sensitive or proprietary information could face risks of data leakage or application crashes caused by this vulnerability. Although the attack requires local access, this could be exploited in scenarios involving lost or stolen devices or insider threats. The inability to fully protect memory boundaries could also be leveraged as part of a larger attack chain to escalate privileges or bypass security controls. However, since the vulnerability does not allow remote exploitation or direct compromise of confidentiality or availability, the overall risk is contained but still relevant for sectors with high data sensitivity such as finance, government, and critical infrastructure. Ensuring timely patching and controlling device access are critical to minimizing potential impact.

1. Monitor Samsung’s official security advisories and update Samsung Notes to version 4.4.30.63 or later as soon as the patch becomes available. 2. Restrict physical and local access to devices running Samsung Notes, especially in high-risk environments, to prevent exploitation by unauthorized users. 3. Implement mobile device management (MDM) solutions to enforce application updates and control app installations. 4. Educate users on the risks of leaving devices unattended or lending them to untrusted individuals. 5. Regularly audit devices for outdated software versions and enforce compliance policies. 6. Consider disabling or limiting the use of Samsung Notes on devices handling highly sensitive information until the vulnerability is patched. 7. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools to monitor for unusual local activity that might indicate exploitation attempts.