CVE-2025-23347 is a vulnerability identified in the NVIDIA Project G-Assist component of NVIDIA GeForce drivers prior to version 581.42. The root cause is incorrect default permissions (CWE-276) assigned to critical files or processes within the driver installation, which allows an attacker with limited privileges on the system to escalate their permissions. This escalation can lead to execution of arbitrary code with elevated privileges, enabling attackers to tamper with data, cause denial of service, or disclose sensitive information. The vulnerability requires local access with low privileges but does not require user interaction, making it exploitable in scenarios where an attacker has gained limited access or through malicious insiders. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.8, reflecting high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with low attack complexity and privileges required. Although no exploits are currently known in the wild, the widespread use of NVIDIA GeForce drivers in both consumer and enterprise environments increases the potential risk. The vulnerability was reserved early in 2025 and published in October 2025, but no official patch links are provided yet, indicating that mitigation may rely on vendor updates or manual permission corrections. The incorrect permissions likely allow overwriting or manipulation of driver files or services, which are critical for system stability and security. This vulnerability is particularly relevant for environments where NVIDIA GPUs are used for graphics processing, AI workloads, or gaming, as these systems often run with multiple user profiles or in shared environments.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk due to the widespread deployment of NVIDIA GeForce drivers across various sectors including gaming, professional visualization, AI research, and high-performance computing. Successful exploitation can lead to privilege escalation, allowing attackers to gain control over affected systems, potentially leading to data breaches, disruption of services, or manipulation of sensitive information. This is especially critical for industries handling sensitive data such as finance, healthcare, and government agencies. The ability to execute code with elevated privileges can also facilitate lateral movement within networks, increasing the scope of compromise. Denial of service conditions could disrupt critical operations, impacting business continuity. Since the vulnerability requires local access, it raises concerns in environments with shared workstations or where endpoint security is weak. The absence of known exploits currently provides a window for proactive mitigation, but the high impact score necessitates urgent attention. European organizations relying on NVIDIA hardware for AI and machine learning workloads may face additional risks if attackers leverage this vulnerability to compromise computational integrity or exfiltrate intellectual property.

To mitigate CVE-2025-23347, European organizations should prioritize updating NVIDIA GeForce drivers to version 581.42 or later as soon as the vendor releases the patch. Until official patches are available, administrators should audit and correct file and directory permissions related to NVIDIA Project G-Assist components, ensuring they are not writable or modifiable by low-privilege users. Implement strict access controls on systems with NVIDIA GPUs, limiting local user privileges and enforcing the principle of least privilege. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to monitor for unusual privilege escalation attempts or unauthorized modifications to driver files. Regularly review and harden system configurations, including group policies that govern device driver installations and permissions. For multi-user environments, isolate GPU-enabled workstations and restrict physical and remote access to trusted personnel. Additionally, conduct user awareness training to reduce the risk of local compromise that could lead to exploitation. Maintain up-to-date inventories of NVIDIA hardware and driver versions to quickly identify vulnerable systems. Finally, monitor NVIDIA security advisories for official patches and apply them promptly once available.