CVE-2025-23554 is a reflected Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability categorized under CWE-79, found in the Jakub Glos Off Page SEO plugin, versions up to 3.0.3. The vulnerability stems from improper neutralization of user-supplied input during web page generation, which allows attackers to inject malicious JavaScript code that is reflected back to the user's browser. This type of XSS is triggered when a victim clicks a specially crafted URL or interacts with manipulated input fields, causing the malicious script to execute in their browser context. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.1 reflects that the attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires no privileges (PR:N), but does require user interaction (UI:R). The scope is changed (S:C), indicating that the vulnerability affects resources beyond the vulnerable component, and it impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability to a low to moderate degree (C:L/I:L/A:L). Although no known exploits are currently in the wild and no official patches have been released, the vulnerability poses a significant risk to websites using this plugin, as attackers can steal session cookies, perform actions on behalf of users, or deface websites. The lack of patches necessitates immediate defensive measures. The vulnerability was reserved in January 2025 and published in December 2025, indicating recent discovery and disclosure. The plugin is typically used in SEO and digital marketing contexts, making websites that rely on it potential targets for attackers aiming to disrupt online presence or steal sensitive user data.

For European organizations, this vulnerability can lead to unauthorized access to user sessions, theft of sensitive information, and potential defacement or disruption of web services. Organizations relying on the Jakub Glos Off Page SEO plugin for their website SEO management risk reputational damage, loss of customer trust, and compliance issues under GDPR if personal data is compromised. The reflected XSS can be exploited to deliver phishing attacks or malware, increasing the risk of broader compromise. Given the plugin's role in SEO, attacks could also indirectly affect search engine rankings and online visibility, impacting business operations. The requirement for user interaction means social engineering could be used to maximize impact. The vulnerability's presence in a widely used SEO tool means multiple organizations could be simultaneously targeted, amplifying the threat landscape in Europe’s digital economy.

1. Immediately implement strict input validation and output encoding on all user-supplied data within the plugin or at the web application level to neutralize malicious scripts. 2. Deploy and properly configure Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with specific rules to detect and block reflected XSS attack patterns targeting the Off Page SEO plugin endpoints. 3. Monitor web server logs and application logs for unusual URL parameters or repeated suspicious requests that may indicate exploitation attempts. 4. Educate users and administrators about the risks of clicking untrusted links and the importance of verifying URLs before interaction. 5. If possible, disable or remove the Off Page SEO plugin until an official patch is released. 6. Engage with the vendor or community to track patch availability and apply updates promptly once released. 7. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focusing on XSS vulnerabilities in SEO-related plugins and web applications. 8. Implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts in browsers.