CVE-2025-2394 is a vulnerability identified in the Ecovacs Home mobile applications for Android and iOS, specifically up to version 3.3.0. The core issue involves the use of hard-coded credentials embedded within the application binaries. These credentials are access keys and secrets for Alibaba Object Storage Service (OSS), which is a cloud storage platform. Hard-coded credentials represent a significant security weakness (CWE-798) because they can be extracted by attackers through reverse engineering or static analysis of the application. Once obtained, these credentials can be used to access the associated OSS resources, potentially leading to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive data stored in the cloud. The vulnerability also relates to CWE-522, which concerns insufficiently protected credentials. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates that the attack vector is physical (AV:P), requiring proximity or physical access, but no privileges or user interaction are needed. The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is low to limited, but the scope and security controls are high, indicating that the vulnerability affects a critical security boundary. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been published yet. This vulnerability is significant because it exposes sensitive cloud storage credentials, which could lead to data leakage or unauthorized data manipulation if exploited. The vulnerability affects users of Ecovacs Home app version 3.3.0 or earlier, which is used to control Ecovacs robotic vacuum cleaners and other smart home devices.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability depends largely on the extent to which Ecovacs devices and their mobile applications are used within their environments. Organizations using Ecovacs smart home products for office or facility cleaning could face risks of sensitive data exposure if the embedded OSS credentials provide access to proprietary or personal data stored in the cloud. Unauthorized access to Alibaba OSS could lead to leakage of user data, operational information, or other sensitive content. Although the attack vector requires physical access to the device or the ability to analyze the mobile app binaries, the risk remains relevant for organizations with lax mobile device security policies or where devices are shared or accessible to untrusted personnel. Additionally, the vulnerability could be exploited by attackers targeting smart home ecosystems to gain footholds or gather intelligence. The medium CVSS score reflects a moderate risk, but the potential for data exposure and privacy violations is a concern under the EU's GDPR regulations. Organizations could face compliance and reputational risks if customer or employee data is compromised through this vulnerability.

1. Immediate mitigation involves updating the Ecovacs Home mobile application to a version where the hard-coded credentials issue is resolved. Since no patch links are currently available, organizations should monitor Ecovacs' official channels for updates or advisories. 2. Limit physical access to devices running the vulnerable app versions to reduce the risk of attackers extracting credentials. 3. Conduct an audit of cloud storage permissions associated with the Alibaba OSS credentials to identify and restrict access scopes, minimizing potential damage if credentials are compromised. 4. Implement network segmentation and monitoring to detect unusual access patterns to OSS resources. 5. Educate users and administrators about the risks of using outdated app versions and encourage prompt updates once patches are released. 6. Consider deploying mobile application management (MAM) solutions to control app versions and enforce security policies on devices used within the organization. 7. If possible, rotate or revoke the compromised OSS credentials and replace them with more secure authentication mechanisms such as token-based or ephemeral credentials.