CVE-2025-25001 is a medium-severity vulnerability classified under CWE-79, which pertains to improper neutralization of input during web page generation, commonly known as Cross-site Scripting (XSS). This vulnerability affects Microsoft Edge for iOS, specifically version 1.0.0.0. The issue arises because the browser fails to properly sanitize or encode user-supplied input when generating web pages, allowing an attacker to inject malicious scripts. When a victim using the affected Edge browser on iOS visits a crafted web page or interacts with malicious content, the injected script can execute in the context of the victim's browser session. This can lead to spoofing attacks, where an attacker can manipulate the appearance or behavior of the web page to deceive the user, potentially tricking them into divulging sensitive information or performing unintended actions. The CVSS v3.1 score is 4.3, indicating a medium severity level. The vector string (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:U/RL:O/RC:C) shows that the attack can be launched remotely over the network without privileges and requires user interaction (e.g., clicking a link). The impact is limited to confidentiality loss (e.g., information disclosure or spoofing) without affecting integrity or availability. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. The vulnerability was reserved in January 2025 and published in April 2025. Given that it affects Microsoft Edge on iOS, the threat surface is limited to users of this specific browser and platform combination.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-25001 is primarily related to potential phishing and spoofing attacks targeting employees or users who utilize Microsoft Edge on iOS devices. Since the vulnerability allows attackers to inject scripts that can manipulate web page content, it could be used to impersonate legitimate internal or external web services, potentially leading to credential theft or disclosure of sensitive information. However, the impact is somewhat mitigated by the requirement for user interaction and the absence of integrity or availability compromise. Organizations with a significant number of iOS users relying on Microsoft Edge, especially in sectors with high phishing risks such as finance, government, and critical infrastructure, may face increased risk of targeted social engineering attacks exploiting this vulnerability. Additionally, since no known exploits are currently in the wild, the immediate risk is moderate but could escalate if exploit code becomes available. The vulnerability does not directly compromise backend systems but can be a stepping stone for further attacks if attackers gain user credentials or session tokens.

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should: 1) Encourage users to update Microsoft Edge for iOS to the latest version as soon as a patch is released by Microsoft. 2) Until a patch is available, consider restricting or monitoring the use of Microsoft Edge on iOS devices, especially for accessing sensitive internal resources. 3) Implement robust email and web filtering solutions to detect and block phishing attempts that may leverage this XSS vulnerability for spoofing. 4) Educate users about the risks of clicking unknown links or interacting with suspicious web content, emphasizing caution when using Microsoft Edge on iOS. 5) Employ multi-factor authentication (MFA) to reduce the impact of credential theft resulting from spoofing attacks. 6) Monitor network traffic and endpoint logs for unusual activity that may indicate exploitation attempts. 7) Coordinate with mobile device management (MDM) solutions to enforce security policies and potentially restrict browser usage or enforce browser updates on managed iOS devices.