CVE-2025-25953 is a vulnerability identified in Serosoft Solutions Pvt Ltd's Academia Student Information System (SIS) EagleR version 1.0.118. The core issue involves the exposure of Azure JWT (JSON Web Token) access tokens, which are critical for authenticating and authorizing users within the system. This exposure allows attackers who have already authenticated to escalate their privileges, potentially gaining unauthorized access to sensitive information stored or processed by the SIS. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-862, indicating a lack of proper authorization checks. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 6.5, reflecting a medium severity level, with an attack vector of network (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), requiring high privileges (PR:H), no user interaction (UI:N), unchanged scope (S:U), and high impact on confidentiality and integrity (C:H/I:H), but no impact on availability (A:N). The vulnerability does not currently have known exploits in the wild, and no patches have been publicly released. The exposure of Azure JWT tokens is particularly concerning because these tokens grant access rights within the cloud environment, and their compromise can lead to unauthorized data access and privilege escalation within the SIS environment. Given that the vulnerability requires authenticated access but no user interaction, an attacker with valid credentials can exploit this flaw remotely over the network, making it a significant risk for organizations relying on this system for managing student data.

For European organizations, particularly educational institutions and administrative bodies using the Academia SIS EagleR system, this vulnerability poses a substantial risk to the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive student information. Unauthorized privilege escalation could lead to exposure of personal data, academic records, and potentially financial information, violating GDPR regulations and leading to legal and reputational consequences. The integrity impact means attackers could alter records, affecting academic outcomes or administrative decisions. Although availability is not directly impacted, the breach of trust and data manipulation can disrupt institutional operations. The medium severity score reflects that exploitation requires authenticated access, which somewhat limits the attack surface but does not eliminate risk, especially if credential management is weak or insider threats exist. The exposure of Azure JWT tokens also raises concerns about potential lateral movement within cloud environments, increasing the scope of impact beyond the SIS itself.

1. Immediate review and tightening of authentication and authorization controls within the Academia SIS EagleR system, ensuring that access tokens are securely stored and transmitted, minimizing exposure. 2. Implement strict token lifecycle management, including short token expiration times and revocation mechanisms to limit the window of exploitation. 3. Conduct thorough audits of user privileges and enforce the principle of least privilege to reduce the impact of any compromised accounts. 4. Monitor network traffic for unusual access patterns or token usage anomalies indicative of exploitation attempts. 5. Employ multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all users accessing the SIS to reduce the risk of credential compromise. 6. Engage with Serosoft Solutions for official patches or updates addressing this vulnerability and apply them promptly once available. 7. Educate staff and administrators on secure handling of authentication tokens and the risks associated with token exposure. 8. If possible, isolate the SIS environment within the network and restrict access to trusted IP ranges to reduce exposure. 9. Regularly review and update incident response plans to include scenarios involving token exposure and privilege escalation.