CVE-2025-27211 is a high-severity vulnerability affecting Ubiquiti Inc's EdgeMAX EdgeSwitch devices, specifically version 1.10.4 and earlier. The vulnerability arises from improper input validation, classified under CWE-20 (Improper Input Validation) and CWE-77 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command). This flaw allows a remote attacker with access to the EdgeSwitch adjacent network to perform command injection attacks. Command injection vulnerabilities enable attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system with the privileges of the vulnerable application, potentially leading to full system compromise. The attack vector is adjacent network access, meaning the attacker must be on the same local network segment or connected through a network path that places them adjacent to the device. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 7.5, indicating a high severity, with the vector string AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. This means the attack requires adjacent network access (AV:A), high attack complexity (AC:H), no privileges required (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), unchanged scope (S:U), and impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability to a high degree (C:H/I:H/A:H). No known exploits are reported in the wild yet, and no patches or updates are currently linked. The vulnerability could allow attackers to execute arbitrary commands, potentially leading to data theft, network disruption, or further lateral movement within the network infrastructure.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability could be significant, especially for enterprises and service providers relying on Ubiquiti EdgeMAX EdgeSwitch devices for network switching infrastructure. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized command execution, allowing attackers to disrupt network operations, intercept or manipulate sensitive data, and potentially pivot to other internal systems. This could affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability of critical network services. Given the high severity and the lack of required authentication or user interaction, attackers with network adjacency could quickly compromise devices. This is particularly concerning for organizations with flat network architectures or insufficient network segmentation, common in some small to medium enterprises and public sector entities. The absence of known exploits in the wild provides a window for proactive mitigation, but also means organizations should act swiftly to prevent potential future exploitation. The vulnerability could also impact managed service providers and data centers using these switches, potentially affecting multiple downstream customers.

European organizations should immediately assess their network environments for the presence of Ubiquiti EdgeMAX EdgeSwitch devices running version 1.10.4 or earlier. Since no official patches are currently linked, organizations should implement network segmentation to restrict access to the management interfaces of these switches strictly to trusted administrative hosts. Employing access control lists (ACLs) to limit adjacent network access to the devices can reduce exposure. Monitoring network traffic for unusual command execution patterns or unexpected device behavior is recommended. Organizations should also consider disabling or restricting any unnecessary services or management protocols on the switches to minimize attack surface. Where possible, upgrading to the latest firmware version once a patch is released is critical. In the interim, applying compensating controls such as VPN tunnels for management access and enforcing strong network access controls can mitigate risk. Regular vulnerability scanning and penetration testing focused on network infrastructure devices will help identify and remediate exposure promptly.