CVE-2025-27566 is a path traversal vulnerability identified in appleple inc.'s a-blog cms, specifically affecting versions prior to 3.1.43 in the 3.1.x series and prior to 3.0.47 in the 3.0.x series. The vulnerability arises due to insufficient validation of file paths within the backup feature of the CMS. This flaw allows an attacker with administrator privileges to manipulate file paths to access or delete arbitrary files on the server hosting the CMS. Exploitation requires authenticated access with high privileges (administrator), and no user interaction beyond that is necessary. The vulnerability does not allow remote unauthenticated attackers to exploit it, but once an attacker gains admin access, they can leverage this flaw to compromise confidentiality and integrity by reading or deleting files outside the intended backup directory. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 3.8, indicating a low severity primarily because of the prerequisite of administrator privileges and the limited impact on availability. The vulnerability does not appear to be exploited in the wild as of the publication date, and no patches or known exploits have been reported yet. However, the potential for damage exists in environments where a-blog cms is deployed and administrator credentials are compromised or misused. The vulnerability highlights the importance of proper path validation in web applications, especially in features that handle file system operations such as backups.

For European organizations using a-blog cms, this vulnerability poses a risk primarily if an attacker can obtain administrator credentials or otherwise escalate privileges to that level. Once admin access is achieved, the attacker could read sensitive configuration files, user data, or delete critical files, potentially disrupting business operations or leading to data breaches. Given the CMS is used for content management, unauthorized file access could expose confidential business information or customer data, impacting confidentiality and integrity. The threat is mitigated somewhat by the requirement for administrator privileges, but insider threats or credential compromise scenarios remain a concern. Organizations in sectors with strict data protection regulations such as GDPR must be cautious, as unauthorized data exposure could lead to regulatory penalties. Additionally, deletion of files could cause service disruptions, impacting availability indirectly through operational downtime. The low CVSS score reflects the limited scope of exploitation but does not eliminate the risk to organizations with inadequate access controls or monitoring.

European organizations should prioritize upgrading a-blog cms to version 3.1.43 or later (or 3.0.47 or later for the 3.0.x series) where this vulnerability is fixed. Until patching is possible, organizations should enforce strict access controls to limit administrator account usage and monitor for unusual admin activities. Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) for administrator accounts to reduce the risk of credential compromise. Regularly audit and rotate administrator credentials and ensure backup and file system permissions are properly configured to restrict unauthorized file access. Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block path traversal patterns in requests targeting the backup feature endpoints. Additionally, monitor logs for suspicious file access or deletion attempts. Conduct security awareness training to reduce insider threats and ensure administrators follow best practices. Finally, maintain regular backups of critical data to enable recovery in case of file deletion or tampering.