CVE-2025-2777 is an XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability classified under CWE-611, found in SysAid On-Prem versions up to 23.3.40. The vulnerability arises from improper restriction of XML external entity references during the processing of lshw (hardware listing) data. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to submit crafted XML payloads that the vulnerable XML parser processes, enabling the attacker to read arbitrary files on the server and escalate privileges to take over administrator accounts. The attack vector is network-based, requiring no authentication or user interaction, which significantly increases the risk and ease of exploitation. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality by exposing sensitive files and integrity by allowing administrative control takeover, though availability impact is low. The scope is changed because the attacker can affect resources beyond their initial privileges. No patches were listed at the time of disclosure, and no known exploits have been observed in the wild, but the critical CVSS score of 9.3 highlights the urgency for mitigation. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous in IT service management environments where SysAid On-Prem is deployed, as administrative compromise can lead to widespread operational disruption and data breaches.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-2777 is significant due to the critical nature of the vulnerability and the widespread use of SysAid On-Prem in IT service management. An attacker exploiting this vulnerability can gain unauthorized access to sensitive configuration files and credentials, leading to full administrative control over the SysAid platform. This can result in unauthorized changes to IT service workflows, exposure of confidential data, and potential lateral movement within the network. The compromise of administrative accounts can also facilitate further attacks on connected systems and services, increasing the risk of data breaches and operational downtime. Given the critical role of ITSM tools in managing enterprise IT infrastructure, the vulnerability poses a direct threat to the integrity and confidentiality of IT operations in European organizations, including those in regulated sectors such as finance, healthcare, and government.

1. Apply patches or updates from SysAid immediately once they become available to address CVE-2025-2777. 2. Until patches are released, restrict or disable the lshw processing functionality if feasible to reduce attack surface. 3. Implement network-level controls such as web application firewalls (WAFs) to detect and block malicious XML payloads targeting XXE vulnerabilities. 4. Harden XML parsers by configuring them to disable external entity resolution and DTD processing where possible. 5. Conduct thorough monitoring and logging of XML input processing activities to detect anomalous requests indicative of exploitation attempts. 6. Enforce strict access controls and segmentation around the SysAid On-Prem server to limit potential lateral movement if compromise occurs. 7. Educate IT and security teams about the vulnerability and ensure incident response plans include scenarios involving ITSM platform compromise. 8. Regularly audit and review SysAid configurations and user privileges to minimize risk exposure.