CVE-2025-28076 describes multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities affecting EasyVirt DCScope versions up to 8.6.4 and CO2Scope versions up to 1.3.4. These vulnerabilities allow remote authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands by manipulating numerous parameters in two API endpoints: /api/management/updateihmsettings and /api/capaplan/savetemplates. Specifically, the injection points include 24 parameters (timeago, user, filter, target, p1 through p20) in the first endpoint and 5 parameters (ID, NAME, CPUTHREADNB, RAMCAP, DISKCAP) in the second. The vulnerabilities stem from improper sanitization of user-supplied input, classified under CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command). The CVSS 3.1 base score is 6.5 (medium severity), with an attack vector of network (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), unchanged scope (S:U), and low impact on confidentiality and integrity (C:L, I:L) but no impact on availability (A:N). No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no official patches have been linked yet. The vulnerabilities require authentication, but no user interaction, enabling attackers with valid credentials to perform unauthorized SQL commands remotely, potentially leading to data leakage or unauthorized data modification within the affected systems. The affected products, EasyVirt DCScope and CO2Scope, are specialized software solutions likely used in industrial or infrastructure monitoring and control contexts, given their naming and parameter sets related to CPU threads, RAM capacity, and disk capacity, suggesting integration with resource management or monitoring systems.

For European organizations, the exploitation of these SQL injection vulnerabilities could lead to unauthorized disclosure and modification of sensitive data stored within EasyVirt DCScope and CO2Scope databases. Given the nature of these products, which appear to be involved in resource monitoring and management, attackers could manipulate system configurations or monitoring data, potentially disrupting operational decision-making or causing inaccurate reporting. While availability impact is not indicated, the integrity and confidentiality breaches could undermine trust in system outputs and lead to compliance violations, especially under GDPR regulations concerning data protection. Industrial sectors, critical infrastructure operators, and enterprises relying on these products for operational oversight may face increased risks of data compromise or sabotage. The requirement for authentication limits the attack surface to insiders or compromised accounts, but the lack of user interaction and low attack complexity means that once credentials are obtained, exploitation is straightforward. This elevates the threat in environments where credential management is weak or where phishing and credential theft are prevalent.

1. Immediate implementation of strict input validation and parameterized queries within the affected API endpoints to neutralize SQL injection vectors. 2. Enforce the principle of least privilege for user accounts with access to these systems, ensuring that only necessary permissions are granted to reduce potential damage from compromised credentials. 3. Deploy multi-factor authentication (MFA) to reduce the risk of unauthorized access via stolen credentials. 4. Monitor and audit API access logs for unusual parameter patterns or anomalous queries indicative of injection attempts. 5. Network segmentation to isolate these management and monitoring systems from broader enterprise networks, limiting lateral movement opportunities. 6. Regularly update and patch the affected software once vendor patches become available; in the interim, consider temporary disabling of vulnerable API endpoints if feasible. 7. Conduct targeted penetration testing and code reviews focusing on SQL injection and input validation in these products. 8. Educate users on credential security and phishing awareness to reduce the risk of account compromise. 9. Implement Web Application Firewalls (WAF) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious SQL injection payloads targeting these endpoints.