CVE-2025-29009 is a critical security vulnerability classified under CWE-434, which pertains to the unrestricted upload of files with dangerous types. This vulnerability affects the Webkul Medical Prescription Attachment Plugin for WooCommerce, specifically versions up to 1.2.3. The flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to upload arbitrary files, including web shells, directly to the web server hosting the plugin. Because the plugin does not properly restrict or validate the types of files that can be uploaded, an attacker can leverage this to execute remote code on the server. The vulnerability has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 10.0, indicating maximum severity, with an attack vector of network (AV:N), no required privileges (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), and a scope change (S:C). The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high (C:H/I:H/A:H), meaning an attacker can fully compromise the affected system. The vulnerability was reserved in March 2025 and published in July 2025, with no known exploits in the wild at the time of publication. The plugin is used in WooCommerce environments to handle medical prescription attachments, which implies its deployment in healthcare-related e-commerce sites. The unrestricted file upload vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it can lead to full server compromise, data theft, defacement, or use of the server as a pivot point for further attacks.

For European organizations, especially those in the healthcare and e-commerce sectors using WooCommerce with the Webkul Medical Prescription Attachment Plugin, this vulnerability poses a severe risk. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive medical prescription data, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations, resulting in legal and financial penalties. The ability to upload web shells means attackers can execute arbitrary commands, potentially leading to data breaches, ransomware deployment, or disruption of critical healthcare services. Given the critical nature of healthcare data and the trust placed in medical e-commerce platforms, exploitation could severely damage organizational reputation and patient trust. Additionally, compromised servers could be used to launch attacks on other connected systems or networks within European organizations, amplifying the impact. The lack of required authentication and user interaction makes this vulnerability easy to exploit remotely, increasing the risk of widespread attacks.

1. Immediate patching: Organizations should monitor Webkul’s official channels for patches or updates addressing this vulnerability and apply them as soon as they become available. 2. Temporary mitigation: Until a patch is released, restrict file upload functionality by disabling the Medical Prescription Attachment Plugin or limiting uploads to trusted users only. 3. Implement strict file type validation: Configure web application firewalls (WAFs) or server-side controls to block uploads of executable files or files with extensions commonly used for web shells (e.g., .php, .jsp, .asp). 4. Use content scanning: Deploy antivirus and malware scanning on uploaded files to detect and quarantine malicious payloads. 5. Harden server permissions: Ensure that uploaded files are stored outside the web root or in directories that do not allow execution of scripts. 6. Monitor logs and network traffic: Set up alerts for unusual file uploads or execution attempts, and conduct regular audits of server logs to detect exploitation attempts. 7. Employ intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) to identify and block suspicious activities related to file uploads. 8. Educate administrators and developers about secure file upload practices and the risks associated with unrestricted uploads.