CVE-2025-29744 is a security vulnerability identified in the pg-promise library, a popular Node.js library used to interface with PostgreSQL databases. The vulnerability arises from improper handling of negative numbers in query parameters, which leads to an SQL Injection flaw. Specifically, versions of pg-promise prior to 11.5.5 do not correctly sanitize or validate negative numeric inputs before incorporating them into SQL queries. This improper handling allows an attacker to craft malicious input that can manipulate the structure of SQL commands executed by the database. SQL Injection vulnerabilities are critical because they can enable attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, data modification, or even full system compromise depending on the database permissions and environment configuration. The vulnerability was reserved in March 2025 and publicly disclosed in June 2025, but no known exploits have been reported in the wild as of the publication date. No CVSS score has been assigned yet. The lack of patch links suggests that remediation involves upgrading to pg-promise version 11.5.5 or later, where the issue has been addressed. Given the widespread use of pg-promise in backend applications that rely on PostgreSQL, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to any system using affected versions without proper input validation or sanitization. Attackers exploiting this flaw could bypass application-level controls and directly manipulate database queries, potentially compromising confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data stored in PostgreSQL databases.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability can be substantial, especially for those relying on Node.js applications interfacing with PostgreSQL databases via pg-promise. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive data, alteration or deletion of critical information, and disruption of business operations. Sectors such as finance, healthcare, government, and critical infrastructure, which often handle sensitive personal and operational data, are particularly at risk. The breach of confidentiality could result in violations of GDPR and other data protection regulations, leading to legal penalties and reputational damage. Integrity violations could undermine trust in data accuracy, affecting decision-making and operational reliability. Availability impacts could arise if attackers execute destructive queries or cause database crashes, leading to downtime and service interruptions. Furthermore, the ease of exploitation—due to the nature of SQL Injection and the lack of required authentication or user interaction—means that attackers can potentially automate attacks remotely, increasing the threat surface. Organizations with large-scale deployments or those exposing APIs to external users are especially vulnerable. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently provides a window for proactive mitigation, but the potential impact remains high if the vulnerability is exploited.

To mitigate this vulnerability effectively, European organizations should: 1) Immediately upgrade all instances of pg-promise to version 11.5.5 or later, where the vulnerability is fixed. 2) Conduct a thorough audit of all Node.js applications using pg-promise to identify and remediate any unsafe handling of numeric inputs, especially negative numbers, in database queries. 3) Implement strict input validation and sanitization at the application layer to ensure that only expected data types and value ranges are accepted before passing parameters to the database layer. 4) Employ parameterized queries and prepared statements consistently to prevent injection attacks, even if the underlying library has vulnerabilities. 5) Monitor database query logs for anomalous or suspicious queries that could indicate attempted exploitation. 6) Use Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules tailored to detect and block SQL Injection attempts targeting PostgreSQL syntax. 7) Educate development teams about secure coding practices related to database interactions, emphasizing the risks of improper input handling. 8) Review and tighten database user permissions to follow the principle of least privilege, limiting the potential damage from any successful injection. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on both immediate patching and systemic improvements in input handling and monitoring.