CVE-2025-29951 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability classified under CWE-121, affecting the AMD Secure Processor (ASP) bootloader in AMD Athlon™ 3000 Series Mobile Processors with Radeon™ Graphics. The ASP is a dedicated security subsystem embedded within AMD processors, responsible for secure boot and trusted execution environment functions. The vulnerability arises from improper bounds checking in the bootloader code, allowing an attacker with local access and limited privileges to overwrite adjacent memory on the stack. This memory corruption can lead to privilege escalation, enabling the attacker to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges within the ASP environment. Exploitation requires local access and has high attack complexity, as it involves precise manipulation of the bootloader's memory during the secure boot process. The CVSS v4.0 score of 7.3 reflects the high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with limited attack vector (local) and high complexity. No user interaction is needed, and no known exploits are currently reported in the wild. The lack of published patches at this time necessitates proactive defensive measures. This vulnerability is critical because the ASP plays a foundational role in platform security, and compromise could undermine system trustworthiness and enable persistent, stealthy attacks.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-29951 could be significant, especially for enterprises relying on AMD Athlon™ 3000 Series Mobile Processors in laptops, mobile workstations, or embedded devices. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to escalate privileges from a limited user context to the secure processor level, potentially bypassing OS-level security controls and enabling persistent, stealthy malware or firmware manipulation. This threatens confidentiality by exposing sensitive data processed or protected by the ASP, integrity by allowing unauthorized code execution, and availability by potentially disrupting secure boot or trusted execution environments. Sectors with high mobility requirements, such as finance, government, and critical infrastructure, may face elevated risks. The requirement for local access limits remote exploitation but increases the importance of physical security and endpoint protection. The absence of patches means organizations must rely on compensating controls until updates are available, increasing operational risk. Overall, the vulnerability could undermine trust in platform security and complicate compliance with European data protection regulations if exploited.

1. Enforce strict physical and logical access controls to prevent unauthorized local access to devices with affected AMD processors. 2. Implement robust endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to monitor for anomalous behavior indicative of exploitation attempts targeting the ASP or bootloader. 3. Restrict use of shared or public workstations that contain vulnerable processors to reduce exposure. 4. Maintain up-to-date asset inventories to identify devices with AMD Athlon™ 3000 Series Mobile Processors for prioritized monitoring. 5. Prepare for rapid deployment of vendor patches or firmware updates once released by AMD, including testing in controlled environments. 6. Employ hardware-based security features such as Trusted Platform Module (TPM) and secure boot configurations to add layers of defense. 7. Educate users and administrators about the risks of local privilege escalation and the importance of device security. 8. Consider network segmentation to limit lateral movement from compromised endpoints. 9. Collaborate with AMD and security communities to stay informed about emerging exploit techniques and mitigation strategies. 10. Evaluate the feasibility of temporary device replacement or isolation for high-risk environments until patches are available.