CVE-2025-31994 identifies a reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in HCL Unica Campaign version 12.1.10 and earlier. The vulnerability stems from improper neutralization of user-supplied input during web page generation, classified under CWE-79. Specifically, an attacker crafts a malicious HTTP request containing script code that the server reflects in its immediate response without proper sanitization or encoding. When a victim's browser processes this response, it executes the injected script in the context of the trusted Unica Campaign domain. This can lead to unauthorized actions such as session hijacking, defacement, or redirection to malicious sites. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L) indicates network attack vector, low attack complexity, but requiring high privileges and user interaction, with limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. No public exploits are known, and no patches are currently linked, suggesting the vendor may still be developing fixes. The vulnerability affects marketing automation platforms widely used for campaign management, potentially exposing sensitive marketing data and user sessions if exploited.

For European organizations, exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized disclosure of session tokens or sensitive marketing data, manipulation of campaign content, or redirection of users to malicious websites. While the direct impact on core business systems may be limited, the compromise of marketing platforms can damage brand reputation and customer trust. Organizations handling personal data under GDPR must consider the risk of data leakage and potential regulatory consequences. The requirement for high privileges and user interaction limits widespread exploitation but insider threats or targeted phishing attacks could leverage this vulnerability. Disruption of campaign operations could also affect business continuity in sectors relying heavily on digital marketing. The medium severity reflects a moderate risk profile, but organizations with significant reliance on HCL Unica Campaign should prioritize mitigation to avoid reputational and compliance risks.

1. Monitor HCL Software advisories closely and apply official patches or updates as soon as they become available for Unica Campaign versions up to 12.1.10. 2. Implement strict input validation on all user-supplied data to ensure that scripts or HTML tags are sanitized or rejected before processing. 3. Employ robust output encoding techniques (e.g., HTML entity encoding) when reflecting user input in HTTP responses to prevent script execution. 4. Configure Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of inline scripts and loading of external resources, reducing the impact of XSS. 5. Conduct regular security testing, including automated scanning and manual penetration testing focused on XSS vectors within the Unica Campaign environment. 6. Educate privileged users on phishing and social engineering risks to reduce the chance of user interaction triggering the vulnerability. 7. Use web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules designed to detect and block reflected XSS payloads targeting Unica Campaign endpoints. 8. Review and limit user privileges within the Unica Campaign platform to minimize the potential for high-privilege exploitation.