CVE-2025-3231VulnerabilityPublished 4 Apr 2025Updated 5 Jun 2025

CVE-2025-3231: PHPGurukul Zoo Management System · SQL Injection

Affects PHPGurukul Zoo Management SystemSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 6.9 Medium.

Data as of 25 Oct 2026, 19:02 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

6.9Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 46% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: Low
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: Low: Performance is reduced or there are interruptions in resource availability. Even if repeated exploitation of the vulnerability is possible, the attacker does not have the ability to completely deny service to legitimate users. The resources in the Vulnerable System are either partially available all of the time, or fully available only some of the time, but overall there is no direct, serious consequence to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 4 Apr 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-25.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
PHPGurukul Zoo Management System	Affected =2.1	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

1. Immediate mitigation should include restricting access to the /aboutus.php page or the vulnerable parameters (pagetitle and pagedes) via web application firewall (WAF) rules that detect and block SQL injection patterns. 2. Implement input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied inputs, especially the pagetitle and pagedes parameters, using parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent injection. 3. Monitor logs for unusual database query patterns or repeated access attempts to the vulnerable endpoint. 4. If possible, isolate the Zoo Management System in a segmented network zone to limit lateral movement in case of compromise. 5. Engage with the vendor or community to obtain or develop patches or updates addressing this vulnerability. 6. Conduct a comprehensive security review of the entire application to identify and remediate other potential injection points. 7. Educate staff on incident response procedures in case of suspected exploitation. 8. Regularly back up the database and verify the integrity of backups to enable recovery from potential data corruption.

Description

A vulnerability was found in PHPGurukul Zoo Management System 2.1. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /aboutus.php. The manipulation of the argument pagetitle/pagedes leads to sql injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Impact

For European organizations using PHPGurukul Zoo Management System 2.1, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized data access or manipulation, which could lead to exposure of sensitive information such as animal records, staff data, or operational details. The integrity of the database could be compromised, potentially disrupting zoo operations or damaging organizational reputation. Given that the vulnerability can be exploited remotely without authentication, attackers could leverage it to launch further attacks within the network or pivot to other systems. The impact is particularly relevant for organizations that rely on this system for critical operational management or public-facing information. Additionally, data breaches involving personal or sensitive data could trigger regulatory scrutiny under GDPR, leading to legal and financial consequences. The medium severity rating suggests that while the threat is significant, it may not lead to complete system takeover without additional vulnerabilities or misconfigurations.

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 7 Jul 2025, 04:14 UTC

Technical details

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